File:Islamic art calligraphy and woodwork - The second most beautiful mausoleum of the world (after the Taj Mahal) - The Mausoleum of Sultan Qalawun - The Qalawun complex (14609094608).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionIslamic art calligraphy and woodwork - The second most beautiful mausoleum of the world (after the Taj Mahal) - The Mausoleum of Sultan Qalawun - The Qalawun complex (14609094608).jpg |
English: The Qalawun complex is a massive complex in Cairo, Egypt that includes a madrasa, a hospital and a mausoleum. It was built by the Sultan Al-Nasir Muhammad Ibn Qalawun in the 1280s; some thirty surviving mosques were built during his time.
The Qalawun Complex was built over the ruins of the Fatimid Palace of Cairo, with several halls in the Palace. It was sold to several people until it was finally bought by the Sultan Qalawun in 1283 AD. The structure resides in the heart of Cairo, in the Bayn al-Qasrayn, and has been a center for important religious ceremonies and rituals of the Islamic faith for years, stretching from the Mamluk dynasty through the Ottoman Empire. The Mausoleum of Sultan Qalawun in Cairo is considered by many to be the second most beautiful mausoleum, succeeded only by the Taj Mahal in India. Al-Nuwayri (an Arab Historian), has said in his book Nihayet al Irab (The Utmost Desire), that the Mausoleum was not intended to become a buriel site, but a Mosque and a school, and that it was first used as a tomb when he died, and hosted his body. His body was kept in the Cairo Citadel for two months until the tomb was ready to replace the Citadel's Burial location, later when Qalawun's son died, he too was buried in the Mausoleum. The mihrab of the mausoleum is often considered as the most lavish of its kind. This is in contrast to the mihrab of the madrasa, which is less grand in size and general esthetics. With a horse-shoe profile the mihrab is flanked by three columns made of marble. The Mausoleum later on, and under the mamluks included a Museum for Royal Cloths of those buried in it. The Mausoleum of Qalawun is significant in that it’s dome served as a ceremonial center for the investing of new emirs. Indeed the dome was a symbol of new power, a changing of the guard, signifying a new center of Mamluk power, which enjoyed great prosperity at the time. The Mausoleum's Dome was demolished by the Ottoman Governor over Egypt Abdul-Rahman Katkhuda and was then rebuilt in Ottoman architecture, However the Comite for reservation of Arab monuments built another dome to replace that in 1908 [Wikipedia.org] |
Date | |
Source | Islamic art calligraphy and woodwork - The second most beautiful mausoleum of the world (after the Taj Mahal) - The Mausoleum of Sultan Qalawun - The Qalawun complex |
Author | Jorge Láscar from Melbourne, Australia |
Camera location | 30° 02′ 58.3″ N, 31° 15′ 39.5″ E ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Jorge Lascar at https://flickr.com/photos/8721758@N06/14609094608 (archive). It was reviewed on 8 February 2018 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
8 February 2018
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current | 16:01, 8 February 2018 | ![]() | 4,288 × 2,848 (1.24 MB) | Thesupermat2 (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D90 |
Exposure time | 1/5 sec (0.2) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 1,600 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:38, 11 September 2012 |
Lens focal length | 10 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 5.3 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 05:26, 27 July 2014 |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:38, 11 September 2012 |
APEX shutter speed | 2.321928 |
APEX aperture | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 15 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | High gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 8007995 |
Lens used | 10.0-20.0 mm f/4.0-5.6 |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:26, 27 July 2014 |
Unique ID of original document | E8F8A2082464F1FCBCA0D7DF5C1B4C3B |
IIM version | 4 |