File:Image from page 82 of "Natural history" (1897) (20734677882).jpg

Title: Natural history Identifier: cu31924001567506 Year: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookyear1897">1897</a> (<a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookdecade1890">1890s</a>) Authors: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorLydekker_Richard_1849_1915">Lydekker, Richard, 1849-1915</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorKirby_W_F_William_Forsell_1844_1912">Kirby, W. F. (William Forsell), 1844-1912</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorWoodward_Bernard_Barham_1853_1930">Woodward, Bernard Barham, 1853-1930</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorKirkpatrick_R_Randolph_b_1863">Kirkpatrick, R. (Randolph), b. 1863</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorPocock_R_I_Reginald_Innes_1863_1947">Pocock, R. I. (Reginald Innes), 1863-1947</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorSharpe_Richard_Bowdler_1847_1909">Sharpe, Richard Bowdler, 1847-1909</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorGarstang_Walter_1868_1949">Garstang, Walter, 1868-1949</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorBather_Francis_Arthur_1863_1934">Bather, Francis Arthur, 1863-1934</a>; <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookauthorBernard_Henry_Meyners">Bernard, Henry Meyners</a> Subjects: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=booksubjectZoology">Zoology</a> Publisher: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookpublisherNew_York_D_Appleton_and_company">New York, D. Appleton and company</a> Contributing Library: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=bookcontributorCornell_University_Library">Cornell University Library</a> Digitizing Sponsor: <a href="https://www.flickr.com/search/?tags=booksponsorMSN">MSN</a>

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Text Appearing Before Image: FLESH-EATING MAMMALS. 63 Africa, although nearly allied, has some points of resemblance to the third species. The largest and most powerful of all is the spotted hy£ena crocuta), now confined to South {E

Text Appearing After Image: Fig. 38.—Spotted Hyjina {Hycena crocuta). Africa, and characterised by the spot- ted coloration of the body, smaller proportionate length of the fore- limbs, large head, with moderate- sized and rounded ears, the pre- sence of a mane on the neck and back, and the smoother and shorter tail. The last upper molar tooth is very small, or even wanting, and the lower carnassial has no inner cusp and a very small poste- rior heel, thus closely approach- ing the corresponding ;tooth of the cats. As regards the auditory bulla and adjacent regions of the skull, the Dog Tribe are in many respects intermediate between the preceding group of families and those which follow. The bulla itself is inflated and bladder- like, but has no internal partition; and the paroccipital The Dog Tribe. process, although in contact with the bulla, is prominent. Family Ganidce. and not applied to it, as it is in the cats and civets. Another distinctive feature of the group is the presence of a long and coiled coecum, or blind appendage, at the junction of the large and small intestine ; that appendage being either very small or absent in the preceding families. The crowns of the upper molar teeth are triangular in shape ; and these teeth, which are nearly always two in number, are situated behind the carnassial. The latter tooth, as in the civets, has two lobes to the blade ; and the lower carnassial generally has a large tubercular heel behind the blade, and a well- developed cusp on its inner side. In most cases there are three lower molars (of which the carnassial is the first), whereas in tlie civets there are never more than two of these teeth; and there are always four pairs of premolar teeth in each jaw. Dogs, under which title may be included wolves, jackals, and foxes, have a cosmopolitan distribution, and diiier markedly in their habits from the cats. Although a few will run up the stems of sloping trees, none are climbers ; and many consort in packs to hunt their prey by scent. Many form burrows in the ground ; and while they are more or less carnivorous, some will supplement a flesh diet with fruits, insects, or garbage. All walk on the tips of their toes, and are thus digitigrade ; and the claws are short, blunt, slightly curved, and non-retractile. By far the great majority of the members of the family may be included in the genus Canis, which has a geographical distribution equal in extent to tliat of the former. It is characterised by the general presence of 42 teeth, and there are five front and four hind toes. The Typical Genus, tail is of moderate length or long, and generally more or less bushy ; and the pupil of the eye may contract either to a, vertical slit or a circle. The general form is too well known to require descrip- tion. The genus may be divided, from the characters of the skull, into two primary series, the first typified by the wolves, and the second by the foxes. This series includes the wolves, jackals, and wild dogs, together with the domesticated breeds, and is best characterised by the circumstance that

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