File:Image from page 218 of "Introduction to zoology; a guide to the study of animals, for the use of secondary schools;" (1900) (14781886571).jpg

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Identifier: introductiontozo00dave Title: Introduction to zoology; a guide to the study of animals, for the use of secondary schools; Year: 1900 (1900s) Authors: Davenport, Charles Benedict, 1866-1944 Davenport, Gertrude Anna Crotty, 1866- Subjects: Zoology Publisher: New York, Macmillan company London, Macmillian and co., ltd. Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library


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Text Appearing Before Image: rown off without injury to the animal;hence the name brittle-star. The brittle-stars fallinto two groups, in one of which, the serpent-stars, thearms are uiibranched, while in the other, the basket-fish, the arms are branched. Of the serpent-stars there are two common forms on theNew England coast,- -a Avhite species, with long, slenderarms, Amphiurab squamata6 (Fig. 184), and the spottedOphiopholis,7 which has shorter, stouter arms. The 1 Blood-red. 5 dfjL<pl5e/ca, eleven. 7 60is, snake ; 0oXi:, scale. 4 50ts, serpent; ovpd, tail. THE STARFISH AXD ITS ALLIES 199 animals live in crevices of the rock, and being of rathersmall size, are not commonly seen. At the base of the arms,on the right and left, are a pair of slits, which form theexits from pouches into which the reproductive glandsopen. In certain species the pouches are used for brood-ing the young. The basket-fish occur in Northeastern

Text Appearing After Image: FKJ. 185. — Strongylocentrotus, the Eastern green sea-urchin, with tube feetextended. From Standard Natural History. waters, from low tide to one hundred fathoms, and areoften brought up by fishermen, to whose lines they have ahabit of clinging. The branching of the arms enables theanimal to hold its prey, which consists of shrimp and fish.The Echinoids, or sea-urchins, may be regarded as star-fishes in which the arms have shortened and the disk en-larged so as to fill up the interspaces, and make a solid, 200 ZOOLOGY nearly spherical form. The sea-urchins eat various smallanimals, and get food also from small bits of organic matterin the mud which they swallow. They live more concealedthan the starfish, for some burrow in the mud and others-such as our green sea-urchin of the Maine coast (Fig.185) — grind out pockets in the rocks by means of theirspines. Others cover themselves with seaweed, and thusbecome inconspicuous. Besides the green sea-urchin,


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Source Image from page 218 of "Introduction to zoology; a guide to the study of animals, for the use of secondary schools;" (1900)
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