File:IOW-9E7824 Medieval Papal Bulla of Pope Gregory IX (FindID 463506).jpg

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IOW-9E7824 Medieval Papal Bulla of Pope Gregory IX
Photographer
Isle of Wight Council, Frank Basford, 2011-09-21 15:13:37
Title
IOW-9E7824 Medieval Papal Bulla of Pope Gregory IX
Description
English: An incomplete and corroded Medieval cast lead papal bulla of Pope Gregory IX (1227-1241 AD).

The object is sub-circular in plan. It has small openings at the top and bottom to allow the chord to be inserted into the internal recess. The obverse bears the conventional stamped busts of Saints Peter and Paul both within drop-shaped pelleted borders. On the left, St Paul's beard is portrayed as being long, straight and pointed, while his hair is straight and swept back. On the right, Peter looks left with his more rounded hair and beard both formed of pellets. Between the two faces there is a crozier and above are the inscriptions: 'SPA SPE' (abbreviations for St Paul and St Peter). However, these are barely visible due to damage and corrosion.
The reverse face is much clearer than the obverse and has raised the raised legend: 'GRE/GORIVS./PP. V[II]II (omega above the 'P's)' in three lines, within a pelleted border: 'PP' = 'Pastor Pastorum', translated as 'shepherd of the shepherds'.

Length: 43.0mm; width: 41.9mm; thickness: 3.9mm. Weight: 39.23g.

This bulla is damaged and severely corroded, particularly on the obverse and has a shiny buff patina on the reverse.
The papal bulla is a formal seal of office used by the Popes to stamp and authenticate documents produced by the papal curia. Dr Tim Pestell (Curator of Norwich Castle Museum and Art Gallery) has commented: "Papal bulls came as two basic types, according to the contents of the document: Tituli, or "Letters of Grace", essentially granted or confirmed rights, conferred benefices or promulgated statutes. They generally had their lead bullae attached with cords of silk. Mandamenta, or "Letters of Justice" were mandates that conveyed papal orders, prohibitions or injunctions, and had their bullae attached by hemp threads.
Justice" were mandates that conveyed papal orders, prohibitions or injunctions, and had their bullae attached by hemp threads".
According to Dr Pestell bullae of Gregory IX are some of the most common encountered, at least within the Diocese of Norwich. Gregory was a distinguished canon lawyer and papal legate before becoming pope, and spent much time trying to check the imperial ambitions of Frederick II, the Holy Roman Emperor, whom he excommunicated before a truce was agreed in 1230.
Depicted place (County of findspot) Isle of Wight
Date between 1227 and 1241
date QS:P571,+1250-00-00T00:00:00Z/7,P1319,+1227-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1241-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
Accession number
FindID: 463506
Old ref: IOW-9E7824
Filename: IOW2011-2-317.JPG
Credit line
The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) is a voluntary programme run by the United Kingdom government to record the increasing numbers of small finds of archaeological interest found by members of the public. The scheme started in 1997 and now covers most of England and Wales. Finds are published at https://finds.org.uk
Source https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/346875
Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/346875/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine
Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/463506
Permission
(Reusing this file)		 Attribution-ShareAlike License version 4.0 (verified 17 November 2020)

Licensing

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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
Attribution: The Portable Antiquities Scheme/ The Trustees of the British Museum
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current05:57, 26 January 2017Thumbnail for version as of 05:57, 26 January 20172,288 × 1,223 (1.45 MB)Fæ (talk | contribs)Portable Antiquities Scheme, IOW, FindID: 463506, medieval, page 301, batch count 428

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