File:Human physiology (1907) (14765044881).jpg

Identifier: cu31924031263597 (find matches)
Title: Human physiology
Year: 1907 (1900s)
Authors: Furneaux, William S
Subjects: Human physiology
Publisher: London New York : Longmans, Green
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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e leftbronchus) into the left lung. These bronchi divide and sub-divide in the substance of the lungs till their branches (bronchialtubes) penetrate every part of those organs. The lungs or lights are two large spongy organs which occupythe greater portion of the thorax. They are quite distinct fromeach other, although at some parts their adjacent surfaces are incontact. A large portion of the volume of the lungs is occupiedby the air-tubes (branches of the trachea) and the little air-cells inwhich they terminate; hence the extreme lightness of these organs.To show this lightness a lung or a part of one may be floated onwater. The general character and appearance of these organsmay be learnt by examining the lights of a sheep or smalleranimal, but it must be remembered that during life the organs aremuch larger, being inflated with air. The heart is a hollow muscular organ situated nearly in themiddle of the front and lower part of the chest, just above the THE ORGANS OF THE THORAX 67
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Fig. 77.—The Organs of the Thorax. I to X, ribs; 1 to 10, costal cartilages on the left; a, sternum; £, clavicle; (the inter-costal muscles are left out in order to show the organs inside the thorax); c, trachea;d, right lung ; ty left lung ; ft apex of the heart; g^ base of the heart (the white line roundthe heart represents the pericardium) : h, upper surface of the diaphragm ; /, liver \k) stomach;/, intestine. The last three organs are beneath the diaphragm, and therefore belong to theabdomen. F2 68 ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY diaphragm. It is somewhat conical in form, and is placed withits broad portion or base uppermost, and with its apex or pointedend turned downward and toward the left. Its size is aboutequal to that of the closed fist, and in the adult it weighs aboutnine ounces. The heart contains four cavities through whichthe blood circulates ; and by its powerful contraction it forcesthis fluid through all the blood-vessels of the body. The thorax contains the great blood-ve

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