File:Human physiology (1907) (14581711837).jpg

Identifier: cu31924031263597 (find matches)
Title: Human physiology
Year: 1907 (1900s)
Authors: Furneaux, William S
Subjects: Human physiology
Publisher: London New York : Longmans, Green
Contributing Library: Cornell University Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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, wherean elastic and yielding substance is required, which is at the sametime very strong, cartilage or gristle takes the place of bone, as inthe more prominent part of the nose. We may regard the backbone as the central portion of theosseous system, for a glance at the accompanying figure will showthat the other bones of the skeleton are connected either directlyor indirectly with it. This bone (or, rather, column of bones)passes through the hinder part of the trunk of the body, part of itbelonging to the neck, part to the -back, and part to the loins.The ribs are connected with that portion which lies in the back,and, extending round the chest, are for the most part connectedwith the breast-bone in front. At the upper part of the chest arethe shoulder-bones: to these the bones of the arms are attached.The lower portion of the backbone is wedged in between thebones of the hip, which form a hollow basin-like cavity andsupport the organs of the abdomen. GENERAL BUILD OF THE HUMAN BODY
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Fig. I.—The Human Skeleton. I, the backbone : 2, ribs; 3, collar-bone; 4, shoulder-blade ; 5, hip-bones, forming the pelvis :6, skull; 7, upper arm ; 8, forearm : 9, wrist and hand ; 10, thigh; zi, leg ; 12, ankle andfoot. ELEMENTARY PHYSIOLOGY The skull rests on the upper extremity of the backbone. Itconsists in part of a large, hollow, bony case. Continuous withthe cavity thus formed is a tube which runs through the backbone.Hence it is common to speak of the human body as enclosing twodistinct tubes or cavities :—one surrounded by the skull and thebackbone, and the other the great cavity already mentioned onpage i. And this is true not only of the human body, but also ofthe bodies of all the back-boned or vertebrate animals. The cavityformed by the backbone contains the great nerve called thespinal cord, a prolongation of the brain. The arms and the legs resemble each other very closely in• the general arrangement of theirbones. The upper arm consists ofone bone, which corres

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