File:Hoshen solutions.PNG
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| Description |
English: See next section, because putting the description in here doesn't work - it doesn't become visible (some bug in the information template, perhaps?) |
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| Date | (UTC) | ||
| Source | Own work | ||
| Author | Newman Luke | ||
| Permission (Reusing this file) |
I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license:
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Summary
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The Israelite High Priest's breastplate (Hoshen), according to the Book of Exodus, is made from 12 gem stones. Unfortunately the exact meaning of the words used in the masoretic text, and in the Septuagint, for these gems, has become lost to history. There is hence some ambiguity about which gem stones were used.
This is an image depicting most of the possible interpretations of these words that produce a simple pattern of colours when re-arranged. This is according to the Encyclopaedia Biblica's explanation of the possible alternative meanings of each word.
Each group of 12 gems in the top row corresponds to a different interpretation of the words. In this upper row, the gems arranged in the order specified by the Book of Exodus. In the masoretic text, these are named as follows (Hebrew is read from right to left):
| Bareketh | Pitdah | Odem |
| Yasepheh | Sappir | Nophek |
| Ahlamah | Shebo | Leshem |
| Yahalom | Shoham | Tarshish |
The bottom row represents the same interpretations as the row above, with the gems re-arranged to show which simple pattern of colours/styles underlies each particular interpretation of the text.
The key to the gems in the image are as follows:
| In image | Gemstone represented | Actual appearance of gemstone |
| Red, solid | Sard or Red Jasper | Red, solid |
| Red, criss-cross | Garnet (if corresponding to 'Nophek') or Zircon (if corresponding to 'Leshem') | Red, translucent |
| Red, marbled | Red Agate (if corresponding to 'Shebo') or Sardonyx (elsewhere) | Red, marbled |
| Green, solid | Green Jasper | Green, solid |
| Light Green, criss-cross | Chrysoprase | Yellowish Green, translucent |
| Dark Green, criss-cross | Emerald or Green Beryl | Dark Green, translucent |
| Green, marbled | Malachite | Green, marbled |
| Blue, solid with yellow speckles | Lapis Lazuli | Blue, solid with golden speckles |
| Purple, criss-cross | Amethyst | Purple, translucent |
| Blue, marbled | Blue Agate | Blue, marbled |
| Yellow, blotched | Yellow Serpentine | Yellow, blotched |
| Yellow, criss-cross | Chrysolite | Yellow, translucent |
| Yellow, marbled | Yellow Agate (if corresponding to 'Shebo') or Yellow Onyx (elsewhere) | Yellow, marbled |
| White, solid | White Carnelian | White, solid |
| White, criss-cross | Rock Crystal | White, translucent |
The final two possible interpretations in the image are those favoured by the Encyclopaedia Biblica - the penultimate being its favoured original meaning of bareketh, and the final one being its favoured later meaning of bareketh. Note how these latter two do not quite produce a simple pattern of colours/styles.
Licensing
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License. |
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| current | 13:03, 24 October 2009 | | 1,369 × 590 (56 KB) | Newman Luke (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description={{en|1=The Israelite High Priest's breastplate (''Hoshen''), according to the Book of Exodus, is made from 12 gem stones. Unfortunately the exact meaning of the words used in the masoretic text, and in the Septuagint, for these |
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