File:Hand-book of physiology (1892) (14765038602).jpg

Identifier: handbookofphysio00bake (find matches)
Title: Hand-book of physiology
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Baker, W. Morrant, (William Morrant), 1839-1896 Harris, Vincent Dormer Kirkes, William Senhouse, 1823-1864. Hand-book of physiology. 13th ed
Subjects: Physiology Human physiology
Publisher: London : John Murray
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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orm the cerebral convolu-tions. The cortical grey matter of thecerebral cortex has an average thick-ness of about \ inch (3 mm.), beingthin in the occipital lobe, Tx^ inch(2 mm.), and thick in the pre-cen-tral, \ inch (4 mm.). The cells ofwhich the substance is composedare of different kinds : (a) The mostconspicuous are certain large trian-gular or pyramidal cells, granularor fibrillated, with large and distinctnuclei, arranged with their apicestowards the surface. All the angleshave branching processes, but theaxis-cylinder-process is prolongedfrom about the middle of the base. (b) Small pyramidal cells are alsonumerous, and irregular or angularcells with nuclei, without distinctaxis - cylinder processes. Again (c) there are fusiform cells arrangedhorizontally; (d) certain granulecells, very small, with large nuclei, and not unlike lymphoid cor-puscles, and finally (e) cells, small and irregular, which may possiblybe neuroglia-cells. Nerve-fibres pass up almost to the surface of the
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Fig- 373-—The layers of the corticalgrey matter of the cerebrum. (Meynert.) 640 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. (CH. XVI. cortex—some of which are medullated. The general arrangementof the layers in the cortex is as follows :—It is described asconsisting of five layers (Meynert) (fig. 373). 1. Superficial layer with abundanceof neuroglia and a few small multipolarganglion-cells. 2. A thin layer of alarge number of closely packed smallganglion-cells of pyramidal shape. 3.The most important layer, and thethickest of all: it contains many largepyramidal ganglion cells, each with aprocess running off from the apex ver-tically towards the free surface, andlateral processes at the base which arealways branched. Also a median processfrom the base of each cell which isunbranched and becomes continuouswith the axis-cylinder of a nerve-fibre.The bundles of fibres spread out in thislayer. 4. Numerous ganglion-cells,some large and others small, formingthe granular formation of Meynert.5. Spindle-shaped

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