File:Gyprock (Castile Formation, Upper Permian; State Line outcrop, southern Eddy County, New Mexico, USA) 4 (30876337330).jpg
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionGyprock (Castile Formation, Upper Permian; State Line outcrop, southern Eddy County, New Mexico, USA) 4 (30876337330).jpg |
Structurally crinkled gyprock from the Permian of New Mexico, USA. This is a sample of gyprock (rock gypsum), a finely crystalline-textured, chemical sedimentary rock dominated by the mineral gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O - hydrous calcium sulfate). The whitish-gray layers are the gypsum. The dark brown layers are calcite (CaCO3 - calcium carbonate). Gyprock is an evaporite, which forms by the evaporation of water (usually seawater) and the precipitation of dissolved minerals. Small-scale crinkling is present in the specimen. The original outcrop also had small-scale folding and faulting. These features are the result of early Cenozoic structural deformation, not gypsum-to-anhydrite (or vice-versa) transformations (see Anderson & Kirkland, 1987). Stratigraphy: Castile Formation, upper Upper Permian Locality: State Line outcrop, roadcut on either side of Rt. 180/Rt. 62, between Carlsbad Caverns National Park and Guadalupe Mountains National Park, immediately north of the Texas border, southern Eddy County, southeastern New Mexico, USA (32° 00' 34.2" North latitude, 104° 29' 55.0" West longitude) Reference cited: Anderson, R.Y. & D.W. Kirkland. 1987. Banded Castile evaporites, Delaware Basin, New Mexico. Rocky Mountain Section of the Geological Society of America, Centennial Field Guide Volume 2: 455-458. |
Date | |
Source | Gyprock (Castile Formation, Upper Permian; State Line outcrop, southern Eddy County, New Mexico, USA) 4 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/30876337330 (archive). It was reviewed on 6 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
6 December 2019
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 01:29, 6 December 2019 | 2,557 × 1,542 (2.34 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/9 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 17:10, 24 November 2016 |
Lens focal length | 8.295 mm |
Image title | |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 22:36, 25 November 2016 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 17:10, 24 November 2016 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 6.34375 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.34375 APEX (f/3.19) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash fired, compulsory flash firing, red-eye reduction mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 16,460.905349794 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 16,483.516483516 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:36, 25 November 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | 7824DDCD16EC858D2D83F0931F6BC61B |