File:Grand Canyon National Park- Detail of Basement Rock 0109 (7706672878).jpg
![File:Grand Canyon National Park- Detail of Basement Rock 0109 (7706672878).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Grand_Canyon_National_Park-_Detail_of_Basement_Rock_0109_%287706672878%29.jpg/800px-Grand_Canyon_National_Park-_Detail_of_Basement_Rock_0109_%287706672878%29.jpg?20200420182610)
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[edit]DescriptionGrand Canyon National Park- Detail of Basement Rock 0109 (7706672878).jpg |
Lizards really enjoy warming themselves upon the rock that forms the Inner Gorge of Grand Canyon. The dark schists and granite hold heat very well, turning much of the depths of Grand Canyon into an oven in the summer. NPS photo by Kristen M. Caldon Basement Rocks: thickness - unknown. Weathered and colorful, igneous and metamorphic cliffs rise steeply from the river in Lower Granite Gorge. These are the oldest rocks in the canyon, dating from the Precambrian. These rocks make up the bottom of the Grand Canyon. They were created 1840-1680 million years ago, during the Precambrian- Paleoproterozoic Era. Grand Canyon’s basement rocks include both the metamorphic rocks of the Granite Gorge Metamorphic Suite as well as the igneous rocks of the Zoroaster Plutonic Complex. The metamorphic suite was formed during the collision between a volcanic island arc and the North American continent. The sedimentary and volcanic rocks that were accumulating in an ocean basin between the continent and island chain were subducted. They were subjected to intense heat and pressure resulting in the metamorphic rocks that we see today- dark schists and gneisses. During the collision, some of the sedimentary and volcanic rocks were subducted deep enough to be melted. Molten rock rose up through weak spots in the rocks but did not break the surface. These intrusions of melted rock cooled to form the granites and pegmatites of the Zoroaster Plutonic Complex. The intrusions include plutons, dikes, and sills. |
Date | |
Source | Grand Canyon National Park- Detail of Basement Rock_0109 |
Author | Grand Canyon National Park |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Grand Canyon NPS at https://flickr.com/photos/50693818@N08/7706672878. It was reviewed on 20 April 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
20 April 2020
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current | 18:26, 20 April 2020 | ![]() | 3,872 × 2,592 (1.86 MB) | Killarnee (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D200 |
Exposure time | 1/80 sec (0.0125) |
F-number | f/5 |
ISO speed rating | 320 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:01, 21 July 2012 |
Lens focal length | 70 mm |
Width | 3,872 px |
Height | 2,592 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS5 Windows |
File change date and time | 15:03, 30 July 2012 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:01, 21 July 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.321928 |
APEX aperture | 4.643856 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Subject distance | 0.89 meters |
Metering mode | Spot |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
DateTime subseconds | 16 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 16 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 16 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 105 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Hard |
Saturation | High saturation |
Sharpness | Hard |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 2.2.0.0 |
Lens used | 24.0-70.0 mm f/2.8 |
Date metadata was last modified | 08:03, 30 July 2012 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:CE78865892DAE111824BC42A04AA164A |