File:Geyserite egg (Sawmill Geyser, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone, Wyoming, USA) 1 (21814514042).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionGeyserite egg (Sawmill Geyser, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone, Wyoming, USA) 1 (21814514042).jpg |
Geyserite from the Holocene of Yellowstone, Wyoming, USA. Geyserite (a.k.a. siliceous sinter) is a rare, friable to solid, chemical sedimentary rock composed of opal (hydrous silica, a.k.a. opaline silica: SiO2•nH2O). Geyserite forms by precipitation of hydrous silica from hot spring or geyser water. At the Yellowstone Hotspot Volcano in Wyoming, the source of the silica is subsurface rhyolite lava flows of late Cenozoic age. Superheated groundwater moves along fractures in the rhyolite and leaches out silica. When hot spring or geyser water reaches the surface, the water cools and evaporates, resulting in precipitation of very thin layers of opal on any substrate. Numerous precipitation episodes (for example, from repeated geyser eruptions) results in the buildup of geyserite. The geyserite specimen shown above is called a "geyser egg". Geyser eggs are unattached masses of geyserite that occur in some geyser splash pools and proximal runoff pools. Good examples of Yellowstone geyser eggs (a.k.a. geyser beads & geyser pearls) are present at Aurum Geyser, Sawmill Geyser, Bead Geyser, and Narcissus Geyser. Early tourists to Yellowstone often collected these objects - a type of vandalism. Such vintage specimens rarely appear in the modern retail market. The specimen shown above comes from Sawmill Geyser in Yellowstone's Upper Geyser Basin. It was collected in 2008 by a Yellowstone park ranger. This sample appears to consist, in part, of smaller geyser beads cemented together and coated by geyserite. The surface of this geyser egg is irregularly dimpled, the result of differential precipitation of opal on its surface. |
Date | |
Source | Geyserite egg (Sawmill Geyser, Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone, Wyoming, USA) 1 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/21814514042 (archive). It was reviewed on 14 October 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
14 October 2019
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 03:22, 14 October 2019 | 2,290 × 1,477 (1.72 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot D10 |
Exposure time | 1/400 sec (0.0025) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 09:56, 16 August 2015 |
Lens focal length | 6.2 mm |
Width | 4,000 px |
Height | 3,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 14:14, 29 September 2015 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:56, 16 August 2015 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.65625 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.33333333333333 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 08:14, 29 September 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | F34CBE9ED1F4E32527200A5AAB571497 |