File:George Catlin - Máh-to-tóh-pa, Four Bears, Second Chief in Mourning - 1985.66.131 1 - Smithsonian American Art Museum.jpg
![File:George Catlin - Máh-to-tóh-pa, Four Bears, Second Chief in Mourning - 1985.66.131 1 - Smithsonian American Art Museum.jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/George_Catlin_-_M%C3%A1h-to-t%C3%B3h-pa%2C_Four_Bears%2C_Second_Chief_in_Mourning_-_1985.66.131_1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg/489px-George_Catlin_-_M%C3%A1h-to-t%C3%B3h-pa%2C_Four_Bears%2C_Second_Chief_in_Mourning_-_1985.66.131_1_-_Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum.jpg?20231214183730)
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Captions
Captions
Summary
[edit]George Catlin: Máh-to-tóh-pa, Four Bears, Second Chief in Mourning
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Artist |
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Object type |
painting ![]() |
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Genre |
portrait ![]() |
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Description |
English: George Catlin described Four Bears as being “in undress, being in mourning, with a few locks of hair cut off, his hair put up in plaits or slabs, with glue and red paint, a custom of the tribe. The scars on his breast, arms, and legs show that he has several times in his life submitted to the propitiatory tortures represented in four paintings.” Four Bears had earned the right to wear his horned headdress and his fabled shirt, but even in “undress” he was a hero of the highest order, straight out of the Roman Republic: “His breasts have been bared and scarred in defence of his country, and his brows crowned with honours that elevate him conspicuous above all of his nation.” Four Bears also bears scars from his successful completion of the O-kee-pa, an important Mandan ritual performed annually to initiate the most promising young men of the tribe. Catlin painted this portrait at a Mandan village in 1832. (Catlin, Letters and Notes, vol. 1, no. 21, 1841, reprint 1973, and 1848 Catalogue, Catlin’s Indian Gallery, SAAM online exhibition) |
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Date |
1832 ![]() |
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Medium |
oil on canvas ![]() |
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Dimensions |
height: 73.6 cm (29 in) ![]() ![]() dimensions QS:P2048,+73.66U174728 dimensions QS:P2049,+60.96U174728 |
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Collection |
institution QS:P195,Q1192305 |
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Accession number |
1985.66.131 (Smithsonian American Art Museum) ![]() |
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Place of creation |
United States of America ![]() |
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References | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source/Photographer | https://www.si.edu/object/mah-toh-pa-four-bears-second-chief-mourning:saam_1985.66.131 |
Licensing
[edit]
This is a faithful photographic reproduction of an original two-dimensional work of art. The work of art itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
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In many jurisdictions, faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are not copyrightable. The Wikimedia Foundation's position is that these works are not copyrightable in the United States (see Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs). In these jurisdictions, this work is actually in the public domain and the requirements of the digital reproduction's license are not compulsory. |
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current | 18:37, 14 December 2023 | ![]() | 1,845 × 2,261 (1.78 MB) | Günther Frager (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by George Catlin from https://www.si.edu/object/mah-toh-pa-four-bears-second-chief-mourning:saam_1985.66.131 with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
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Short title | 1985.66.131_1.tif |
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Credit/Provider | Smithsonian American Art Museum |
Source | Smithsonian American Art Museum |
Copyright holder | This image was obtained from the Smithsonian American Art Museum. The image or its contents may be protected by international copyright laws. |
Image title | Scan from color transparency |
Usage terms | |
IIM version | 4 |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Image width | 1,845 px |
Image height | 2,261 px |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Width | 1,845 px |
Height | 2,261 px |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 304.8 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 304.8 dpi |
Bits per component |
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Contact information |
americanart.si.edu Smithsonian American Art Museum Washington, D.C., U.S.A. |
Date metadata was last modified | 09:38, 17 September 2013 |