File:General physiology of muscles and nerves (1881) (14591204187).jpg

Identifier: generalphysiolo00rose (find matches)
Title: General physiology of muscles and nerves
Year: 1881 (1880s)
Authors: Rosenthal, I. (Isidor), 1836-1915
Subjects: Physiology Muscles Nerves
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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the obtuse and theacute angles. The positive tension is greater at theobtuse than at the acute angles of the longitudinalsection; and, similarly, the negative tension is greaterat the acute than at the obtuse augles of the cross-sections. Consequently, a peculiar displacement of thetension-curves, of which fig. 52 is intended as a re-presentation, takes place in a regular muscle-rhombus. THE MUSCLE RHOMBUS. 195 Let us suppose that the muscle from which the rhombuswas cut was cyhndricaL The two cross-sections willthen form ellipses; in the case of a regular muscle-rhombus, equal ellipses. A section through the longi-tudinal axes of both these ellipses will therefore givean asymmetrical parallelogram with two obtuse, andtwo acute angles (a rhomboid). Such a section is re-presented in the figure. In it, a 6 and c d correspondwith the longitudinal section, a c and h d the cross-sections. The latter are identical with the longfitudinalaxis of the actiial cross-sections. On the side corre-
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sponding with the longitudinal section, the greatestpositive tension is no longer found in the middle, butis removed toward the obtuse angles, at e and e\ Thetensions fall very rapidly from here toward the obtuseangle, gradually toward the acute angle. In the cross-sections the greatest negative tension occurs near theacute angles; and the fall toward the acute angles isvery abrupt, that toward the obtuse angles is gradual. The iso-electric curves on such a regular muscle-rhombus in the cross-sections form ellipses, one poleof which corresponds with a focus on the edge of the 198 PHYSIOLOGY OF MUSCLES AND KERVES. cross-section, near the acute angle. In the longitudinalsection they form spiral lines, which run obliquely roundthe outer surface of the cylinder. The electromotiveequator, which unites the points at which the greatestpositive tension prevails, forms a line round the circum-

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