File:Frieze of Griffins, circa 510 BC, Apadana, west courtyard of the palace, Susa, Iran Susa, Iran, Louvre Museum (12251831946).jpg
Original file (4,263 × 3,199 pixels, file size: 9.68 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
Summary
[edit]DescriptionFrieze of Griffins, circa 510 BC, Apadana, west courtyard of the palace, Susa, Iran Susa, Iran, Louvre Museum (12251831946).jpg |
English: The artists of the Achaemenian period inherited a pictorial vocabulary rich in mythological creatures. The griffin-lion, often represented at Susa, is here pictured on an element of architectural decoration from the palace of King Darius I the Great (522-486 BC). It featured here alongside the lion and the winged bull passant on reliefs made with bricks, with or without colors.
A decorative motif The Frieze of Griffins is a reconstruction made with molded siliceous bricks coated in colored glazes, which had been reused in later constructions. During the excavations led by Jacques de Morgan at the Palace of Darius between 1908 and 1913 at Susa, thousands of these bricks and wall elements featuring animals and mythological creatures passant, lions, bulls and winged griffins were found. The bricks lined the walls as an architectural decor, and were charged with a symbolism relating to the Persian empire. A composite animal Set against a light-blue background, the white griffin passes toward the left under a frieze of palmettes. It has a lion's head, the ears of a bull, a roaring mouth and two curved goat horns, one pointing forward and the other backward. It has the body of a bull, the forelegs of a lion and hindlegs like the legs of an eagle, and its long tail is curled up into itself. The wings join the body at the top of the forelegs. Its breast and neck are covered with little curls that also run over the top of the back. The details of the animal are highlighted with a polychromy of yellow, blue and green. An ancient tradition The fabulous griffin figure evolved out of a long pictorial tradition of fantastic animals. On the Ishtar Gate of Babylon, there is a depiction of the Mushhushshu, a long-necked quadruped with the head and scaly body of a snake. This was the emblem of Marduk, war god and protector of the city. The griffin was a Susian creation of the late 4th millennium that became widespread, in many forms. An accounting tablet, for example, bears the mark of a cylinder seal showing a winged griffin followed by an antelope (Louvre Museum, sb4837). Many images of the griffin have been been found dating from the Neo-Elamite period, including one in bricks, shown passing before a tree, used as an element of architectural decoration (Louvre Museum, sb3370). Griffins facing each other also feature on the walls of the palace at Persepolis, built by Darius I, like the palace at Susa. The meaning of this imaginary animal remains unclear: it may refer to ancient Elamite religions and as such may represent an area of the Persian empire. Source: <a href="http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/frieze-griffins" rel="nofollow">www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/frieze-griffins</a> |
Date | |
Source | Flickr |
Author |
English: Following Hadrian |
Licensing
[edit]This image was originally posted to Flickr by Following Hadrian at https://www.flickr.com/photos/41523983@N08/12251831946. It was reviewed on 17 January 2015 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
17 January 2015
- You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
- Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 07:21, 17 January 2015 | 4,263 × 3,199 (9.68 MB) | YiFeiBot (talk | contribs) | Bot: Uploading files from Flickr per request by Yann |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
File usage on other wikis
The following other wikis use this file:
- Usage on es.wikipedia.org
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Image title | OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA |
---|---|
Camera manufacturer | OLYMPUS IMAGING CORP. |
Camera model | SP800UZ |
Exposure time | 1/20 sec (0.05) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:06, 3 March 2013 |
Lens focal length | 17.1 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Version 1.0 |
File change date and time | 11:06, 3 March 2013 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Creative program (biased toward depth of field) |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:06, 3 March 2013 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.97 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 100 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |