File:Four Sons of Horus coffin diagram.svg

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Captions

Diagram of the positions of texts referring to each of the four sons of Horus on Middle and New Kingdom coffins

Summary

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Description
English: This diagram shows the position of the bands of text on Egyptian coffins that referred to each of the four sons of Horus.

In burials during the Middle Kingdom of ancient Egypt (c. 2055–1650 BC), coffins were ideally laid out along a north–south axis. The mummy laid on its side in the coffin, with the head to the north, the feet to the south, and the face turned east. Columns of text referring to various deities were arranged around the exterior of the coffin. The texts referring to Imsety were near the northeast corner; those referring to Hapy in the northwest; those referring to Duamutef in the southeast; and those referring to Qebehsenuef in the southwest.

In the New Kingdom, the orientation of burials shifted. Mummies were laid on their backs, with the head to the west and the feet to the east. The positions of the four sons shifted, with Imsety in the southwest, Hapy in the northwest, Qebehsenuef in the northeast, and Duamutef in the southeast.

Source: Raven, Maarten (2005). "Egyptian Concepts on the Orientation of the Human Body". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. '91. Pp. 40–43.
Date
Source Own work
Author A. Parrot

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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current23:49, 22 May 2023Thumbnail for version as of 23:49, 22 May 2023703 × 1,597 (37 KB)A. Parrot (talk | contribs)More visible directions, minor changes to positioning
23:27, 22 May 2023Thumbnail for version as of 23:27, 22 May 2023703 × 1,597 (33 KB)A. Parrot (talk | contribs)Fixed vertical text so it will be visible; resized canvas; other minor cleanup
20:49, 21 May 2023Thumbnail for version as of 20:49, 21 May 2023797 × 1,683 (46 KB)A. Parrot (talk | contribs)Uploaded own work with UploadWizard

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