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Horsemen, one of several elaborate mosaic floors at Conímbriga.

Conímbriga is one of the largest Roman settlements in Portugal, and is classified as a National Monument. Conímbriga lies 16 km from Coimbra (the Roman Aeminium) and less than 2 km from Condeixa-a-Nova.

The name Conimbriga derives from an early, possibly pre-Indo-European element meaning "rocky height or outcrop" and the Celtic briga, signifying a defended place. Others think that the element coni may be related to the Conii people.

When the Romans arrived, in the first half of the 2nd century BC, Conímbriga was a flourishing village. Thanks to the peace established in Lusitania a quick Romanisation of the indigenous population took place and Conímbriga became a prosperous town. Judging by the capacity of the amphitheater, the city had an estimated population of 10600.

Following the deep political and administrative crisis of the Empire, Conímbriga suffered the consequences of the barbaric invasions. In 465 and 468, Sueves captured and partially plundered the town already abandoned by part of its population, that fled to the nearby town of Aeminium.

The city walls are largely intact, and the mosaic floors and foundations of many houses and public buildings remain.