File:Flickr - archer10 (Dennis) - China-7009 - City Wall of Xian.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionFlickr - archer10 (Dennis) - China-7009 - City Wall of Xian.jpg |
PLEASE, no multi invitations, glitters or self promotion in your comments, THEY WILL BE DELETED. My photos are FREE for anyone to use, just give me credit and it would be nice if you let me know, thanks - NONE OF MY PICTURES ARE HDR. Along the wall there are sentry buildings every 120 meters, in total there are 98 of them. When Zhu Yuanzhang, the first Emperor of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644), captured Huizhou, a hermit named Zhu Sheng admonished him that he should "built high walls, store abundant food supplies and take time to be an Emperor," so that he could fortify the city and unify the other states. After the establishment of the Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang followed his advice and began to enlarge the wall built during the old Tang dynasty (618 - 907), creating the modern Xian City Wall. It's the most complete city wall that has survived in China, as well being one of the largest ancient military defensive systems in the world. The wall now stands 12 (39ft) meters tall, 12-14 meters (39-46ft) wide at the top and 15-18 meters (49-59ft) thick at the bottom. It covers 13.7 kilometres (8.5mi) in length with a deep moat surrounding it. Every 120 meters (394ft) , there is a rampart which extends out from the main wall. All together, there are 98 ramparts on the wall, which were built to defend against the enemy climbing up the wall. Each rampart has a sentry building, in which the soldiers could protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy. Besides, the distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of an arrow shot from either side, so that they could shoot the enemy, who wanted to attack the city, from the side. On the outer side of the city wall, there are 5948 crenellations, namely battlements. The soldiers can outlook and shoot at the enemy. On the inner side, parapets were built to protect the soldiers from falling off. |
Date | |
Source | China-7009 - City Wall of Xian |
Author | Dennis Jarvis from Halifax, Canada |
Camera location | 34° 18′ 09.38″ N, 108° 51′ 48.69″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 34.302606; 108.863525 |
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Licensing
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by archer10 (Dennis) at https://www.flickr.com/photos/22490717@N02/2213548580. It was reviewed on 9 November 2012 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
9 November 2012
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 08:18, 9 November 2012 | 2,448 × 3,264 (5.61 MB) | Matanya (talk | contribs) | == {{int:filedesc}} == {{Information |Description=PLEASE, no multi invitations, glitters or self promotion in your comments, THEY WILL BE DELETED. My photos are FREE for anyone to use, just give me credit and it would be nice if you let me know, thank... |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON |
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Camera model | E8800 |
Exposure time | 1/180 sec (0.0055555555555556) |
F-number | f/6.3 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 09:40, 26 November 2006 |
Lens focal length | 9.5 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 8.0 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 18:29, 5 February 2010 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 09:40, 26 November 2006 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.1 APEX (f/2.93) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 37 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,448 px |
Image height | 3,264 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 14:29, 5 February 2010 |
Unique ID of original document | adobe:docid:photoshop:c1926ae1-6f15-11db-958a-fbb6591d4e17 |
IIM version | 2 |