File:Firman (farman; royal mandate or decree) of last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II (r. 1837-1857).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionFirman (farman; royal mandate or decree) of last Mughal emperor Bahadur Shah II (r. 1837-1857).jpg |
English: A firman is an imperial Mughal decree that is a legally-binding document and serves as a written and visual symbol of the emperor's authority. It usually deals with administrative matters such as land rights, taxes, and appointments, often solving complaints brought to the imperial court. This document dates to the reign of the last Mughal emperor and concerns the cultivation and taxation of a track of land near the town of Ellichpur in the province of Berar. The document references an ealier 17th-century decree made under the reign of Aurangzeb that gave the land to Iraj Khan, likely the son of Qizilbash Khan Afshar governor of Berar, who had built a tomb for his wife and established a weekly market on the land.
This document was purchased by Lebanese engineer and interior decorator Nadim Mohtar in Bombay during the summer of 1965. He had graduated from France in 1959 and established an office in Kuwait. One of his projects was to decorate the Kuwait sales office of Air India, which dispatched him to India in 1965 to select artwork for that purpose. He immigrated with his family to Canada in November 1967. |
Date |
circa 1848 date QS:P,+1848-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902 |
Source | https://collections.rom.on.ca/objects/2286549/firman-farman-royal-mandate-or-decree-of-last-mughal-empe |
Author | Unknown authorUnknown author |
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This is a faithful photographic reproduction of a two-dimensional, public domain work of art. The work of art itself is in the public domain for the following reason:
The official position taken by the Wikimedia Foundation is that "faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are public domain".
This photographic reproduction is therefore also considered to be in the public domain in the United States. In other jurisdictions, re-use of this content may be restricted; see Reuse of PD-Art photographs for details. |
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current | 01:57, 12 March 2022 | 1,722 × 3,000 (736 KB) | Gowhk8 (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by Unknown from https://collections.rom.on.ca/objects/2286549/firman-farman-royal-mandate-or-decree-of-last-mughal-empe with UploadWizard |
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