File:Factory and industrial management (1891) (14763802742).jpg

Identifier: factoryindustria15newy (find matches)
Title: Factory and industrial management
Year: 1891 (1890s)
Authors:
Subjects: Engineering Factory management Industrial efficiency
Publisher: New York (etc.) McGraw-Hill (etc.)
Contributing Library: Engineering - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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int, receiving the loads at the variousstations on the incline and hoisting to the bins at the main station,from which skips in the vertical shafts will deliver the ore to the sur-face. l*rom the inclines levels are driven at distances varying between100 and 200 feet, depending on the dip of the reefs, and the rapiditywith which it is desired to open up ground for milling. At each ofthese levels it is customary to put in pockets connecting with the in-cline. Shaft Timhcrin^:;. Ihere being no native timber of suitable cpial-ity, Oregon pine is generally used. At one time Australian Karriwood was introduced, but, owing to its high first cost, expense offraming, and weight, it has been abandoned. It is probably a verydurable wood, and was used in order to lessen the cost of shaft re-pairs, which in a highway of great traffic is an item to be considered. The shaft timbers consist of the usual wall i)lates, end plates, di-viders, and studdles, well wedged, with bearers every 50 to 100 feet
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45 46 MINING ON THE WITH ATE RSR AND. resting in hitches cut in the rock. For Oregon pine the wall and endplates are 8 X 8 or 8 X lo, studdles 8 X 6 or 8 X 8, dividers 6X8,end bearers lo X 12, intermediate bearers 6X12, and guides 5X4- The cost of timbering a five-compartment shaft averages from ^35s. to ^3 I OS. per foot. Lagging is but little used, save near thesurface, or at occasional spots where loose ground is encountered ; itgenerally consists of 3 X 9 deals. Development. In opening up a mine the following plan is usuallypursued. Drives are driven on the reef, east and west. In somecases, where payable reefs are close together, one main drive is suffi-cient, but in most instances it is necessary to crosscut to the secondreef, and run another main drive along that. From the main drive,at distances of between 200 and 400 feet or more, upraises are drivento connect with the level above, and winzes sunk to the level below.At distances of about 40 feet boxholes for receiving ore fro

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