File:Factory and industrial management (1891) (14741131996).jpg

Identifier: factoryindustria15newy (find matches)
Title: Factory and industrial management
Year: 1891 (1890s)
Authors:
Subjects: Engineering Factory management Industrial efficiency
Publisher: New York (etc.) McGraw-Hill (etc.)
Contributing Library: Engineering - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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lls mostin use are the Ingersoll-Sergeant and the Rand-Slugger. The rates ofprogress vary. In single drives, where one machine is used, from 60to 100 feet are driven per month ; in double drives, where two drillsare operating, from 90 to 120 feet. The work is generally let by con-tract at from J^2 to ^2 los. per foot for single drives and ;^3 to ^3I OS. per foot for (loul)le drives, the contractor supplying labour, can-dles, and explosives, and the comj)any supplying drills, air, mainte-nance, etc. Lower rates prevail when the contractor is provided withat least two faces to work, for then no time in drilling is lost whilethe dirt from each blast is being removed. With native labour therate of progress would be from 30 to 50 feet per month, aiul the costper foot from one-half to two-thirds that of machine work, with noair or maintenance to be supplied, but with ventilation poor. Tim-bering has schloin been necessary in the driving of levels, or, in fact,in any of the underground work.
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47 48 MINING ON THE WITWATERSRAND. Tramming the ore from the faces or from the boxholes is usually-done by boys. The trucks employed have a capacity of about i6cubic feet. The gauge is i8 inches, and the weight of the railsvaries from 12 to 16 pounds per yard. Tramming and loading indrives, when done by contract, costs from 5d. to 6d. per load of1,800 pounds. Stoping. Stoping is done both by hand labour and by ma-chines. So far hand labour has been much the cheaper, and ma-chines have been resorted to only when native labour was scarce. Bythe employment of smaller machine drills, and allowing one whiteman, with the aid of natives, to run two or more drills, it is possibleto make the cost of hand and machine labour approach each other.The employment of small drills will reduce the excessive amount ofdynamite used per ton of rock broken, the cost of labour by the sub-stitution in part of native labour for white, and probably the cost ofpower, steel, etc. Another great advantage which wi

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