File:ExoMars spies frost on Ceraunius Tholus ESA497895.png
From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
![File:ExoMars spies frost on Ceraunius Tholus ESA497895.png](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/ExoMars_spies_frost_on_Ceraunius_Tholus_ESA497895.png/734px-ExoMars_spies_frost_on_Ceraunius_Tholus_ESA497895.png?20240611060046)
Size of this preview: 734 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 294 × 240 pixels | 587 × 480 pixels | 940 × 768 pixels | 1,253 × 1,024 pixels | 2,124 × 1,736 pixels.
Original file (2,124 × 1,736 pixels, file size: 5.43 MB, MIME type: image/png)
File information
Structured data
Captions
Captions
Researchers have discovered frost atop volcanoes near Mars’s equator for the first time – a part of the planet where it was thought impossible for frost to form.
Summary
[edit]DescriptionExoMars spies frost on Ceraunius Tholus ESA497895.png |
English: Researchers have discovered frost atop volcanoes near Mars’s equator for the first time – a part of the planet where it was thought impossible for frost to form. The finding used observations from two ESA ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) instruments – CaSSIS and NOMAD – with additional imaging by ESA’s Mars Express. This image shows frost on the caldera floor of the Ceraunius Tholus volcano. The frost is shown in blue. This blue colour is due to the way in which CaSSIS constructs its images, using both near-infrared and visible channels – a so-called ‘NPB’ image, as opposed to a typical RGB (red-green-blue) image. This combines the instrument's near-infrared (N), panchromatic (P) and blue (B) filters. This provides more information on a feature’s spectral diversity in a large range of wavelengths invisible to the human eye. Read more on how CaSSIS constructs its blue-hued images, and how this allows us to explore the Red Planet. These four frames show (A) a wide-angle contextual view of Ceraunius Tholus from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s Context Camera, with early morning observations made by CaSSIS overlaid within the blue-toned rectangle. This rectangle is shown close-up in frame (B), with an additional white rectangle marking out an even more zoomed-in image, shown in frame (C). (C) shows ubiquitous frost on the caldera floor, but none on the caldera rim. (D) shows a CaSSIS image of the same region acquired at a different time of day, when there is no frost present. Both the CaSSIS images shown in (B) and (D) were acquired using a similar observing setup, suggesting that the apparent presence of frost is unlikely to be due to any photometric effects. Image (B) was acquired in early northern spring, and (D) in late northern winter. North is up in all frames, and image scales are indicated in the bottom-right of each frame. The Local Solar Time (LST) is shown for the two frames on the right, as is ‘incidence angle’ (i) and 'solar longitude’ (Ls). Incidence angle indicates where the Sun is in the sky; it is 0° when the Sun is directly overhead, and 90° at the horizon. Solar longitude marks the position of Mars in its orbit relative to the Sun, reflecting the martian seasons through the year for each hemisphere (0° when northern spring begins, 270° at winter solstice). Read more |
Date | 10 June 2024 (upload date) |
Source | ExoMars spies frost on Ceraunius Tholus |
Author | European Space Agency |
Activity InfoField | Space Science |
Mission InfoField | ExoMars |
Licensing
[edit]![]() |
This media was created by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Where expressly so stated, images or videos are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence, ESA being an Intergovernmental Organisation (IGO), as defined by the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence. The user is allowed under the terms and conditions of the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO license to Reproduce, Distribute and Publicly Perform the ESA images and videos released under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence and the Adaptations thereof, without further explicit permission being necessary, for as long as the user complies with the conditions and restrictions set forth in the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence, these including that:
See the ESA Creative Commons copyright notice for complete information, and this article for additional details.
|
![]() |
![]() ![]() ![]() This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license. Attribution: ESA/TGO/CaSSIS, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
![]() |
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
current | 06:00, 11 June 2024 | ![]() | 2,124 × 1,736 (5.43 MB) | OptimusPrimeBot (talk | contribs) | #Spacemedia - Upload of https://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2024/06/exomars_spies_frost_on_ceraunius_tholus/26120132-1-eng-GB/ExoMars_spies_frost_on_Ceraunius_Tholus.png via Commons:Spacemedia |
You cannot overwrite this file.
File usage on Commons
There are no pages that use this file.
Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Horizontal resolution | 118.11 dpc |
---|---|
Vertical resolution | 118.11 dpc |