File:Europe and other continents (1901) (14761232754).jpg

Identifier: europeotherconti00tarr (find matches)
Title: Europe and other continents
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Tarr, Ralph S. (Ralph Stockman), 1864-1912 McMurray, Frank Morton, 1862- (from old catalog) joint author
Subjects: Geography
Publisher: New York, The Macmillan company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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lanting,there must be an extensive system of winds on the earth.From the cooler regions on the two sides, the air flowssteadily toward the central part of the heated belt, pro-ducing the trade winds (Figs. 2-1 and 25). As the tradewinds approach the central line of the heated belt, or the e ts; \t, Fig. 24.Diagram to show, by arrows, the movement of the greater winds of the earth. heat equator, they travel more slowly. Then, owing toexpansion from heat, and to pressure from the colder airbehind, the air rises over a broad area to a great height.In this belt of rising air, whatever winds are felt are lightand changeable, and calms often prevail ; hence the namebelt of calms. At an elevation of several thousand feet this air flowsoutward, above the trade winds, toward the poles, produc-ing the anti-trades (Fig. 24). About a third of the distanceto the poles, near latitude 30°, much of the air of the anti-trades settles to the earth again, near the place where the WIND AND BAIN BELTS 27
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28 GENERAL GEOGRAPHY trade winds begin. Since the movement of the air here isdownward, there can of course be little wind in this belt,which is known as the horse latitudes (Figs. 24 and 25). If the earth did not rotate, the trades and antitradeswould no doubt follow the meridians directly toward andaway from the equator ; but rotation turns them from theircourse, to the right in the northern hemisphere, and to theleft in the southern. Thus the trade winds blow fromthe northeast and the southeast, while the anti-trades re-turn in the opposite directions at higher altitudes. Beyond the horse latitudes much of the air of the anti-trades flows on toward the poles as westerly winds, bothhigh in the heavens and at the surface. Travelling on-ward, and coming into smaller and smaller space as thepoles are approached, portions of the air continue to turnback toward the equator, while the remainder sweeps onas westerly winds. These are plainly felt in the UnitedStates, Canada, northern and cen

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