File:Economic value of the starling in the United States (1921) (14745833111).jpg

Identifier: economicvalueofs868kalm (find matches)
Title: Economic value of the starling in the United States
Year: 1921 (1920s)
Authors: Kalmbach, E. R. (Edwin Richard), 1884- Gabrielson, Ira Noel, 1889-
Subjects: Birds Starlings
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library

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ange as far as Oneida County,N. Y. (see map, fig. 1). In its post-breeding wanderings the starlinghas been recorded from a much greater area, extending in 1916 fromsouthern Maine to Norfolk, Va. On November 10, 1917, one speci-men was collected as far south as Savannah, Ga. Inland it has beenseen at Rochester, N. Y., Wheeling, W. Va., and in east central Ohio. As a breeder the starling is by no means uniformly distributedthroughout its range. In the first place, it is decidedly partial tothickly settled agricultural sections. It shows also a preference forthe vicinity of the coast and the larger river valleys, and in its spreadover the country lowlands are populated first. In the strip of terri-tory from New York City to New Haven, Conn., where the starlingin 1916 seemed to be the most abundant breeding bird, it was con- ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE STARLING. fined to a narrow belt of low, flat, or rolling farm land within 8 or10 miles of salt water, and, with the exception of the Housatonic
Text Appearing After Image:
^Ftg. 1— Breeding range of the starling at various periods from 1896 to 1916. Since 1916 this range hasbeen extended so little that it is not indicated on the map. Valley, there were few birds inland. East of New Haven thestarling was restricted mainly to the shore. In most of the Con- 6 BULLETIN 868, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. necticnt River valley below Middletown, where it is narrow, withwild, rough land reaching often to the waters edge, the starlingwas scarce; but north of Middletown, where the valley widens untilseveral miles of rich cultivated bottom land lie between the woodedhills, the bird was very abundant. Up the river as far north asSpringfield, Mass., the starling was as common a breeder as therobin. North of Springfield it was not present in great numbers,although favorable conditions for food and nest sites prevailed.According to a count made in 1916 by the bird club of Springfield,that city contained a breeding starling population of 5,000. Amherst,Holyoke, No

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