File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460).jpg
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Captions
Summary
[edit]Early Bronze Age: Flat Axe | |||
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Photographer |
Birmingham Museums Trust, Peter Reavill, 2010-05-19 17:31:53 |
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Title |
Early Bronze Age: Flat Axe |
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Description |
English: Complete cast copper alloy (bronze) flat axe of Early Bronze Age date (c. 2200 - 2000 BC). This example fits best into the earliest known copper axe and early bronze axes discovered in Britain. These are dated to the Early Bronze Age of metalworking stage II, which corresponds to Needham's (1996) Period 2 circa 2350- 2050 CAL. BC.
The flat axe is broadly sub rectangular in plan with a splayed crescent shaped blade. In profile it is broadly lentoid, with slight tapering edges. In cross section the axe is D shaped with one edge displaying a distinctive curved (domed edge) whilst the opposite is relatively flat. It is likely that this is caused by the axe being cast in an open stone mould. The overall length is 90.0mm and the axe weighs 133.45 grams. It should be noted that the axe is relatively small when compared to the corpus of known Early Bronze Age material. The butt is relatively thin having a narrow rounded profile; the width at the butt is 19.8mm (thickness: 2.8mm). The sides of the axe gently expand in width from the butt to the blade; in shape they are relatively curved. There is no evidence of the long edges being raised to form flanges and there is also no evidence of a median bevel (proto stop ridge). However, the axe is thickest at the mid point (8.2mm). The sides of the blade expand to produce a crescentic blade edge with an abraded width of 51.6mm. The tips of the crescent shaped blade have been damaged through either abrasion or wear, as has the blade edge itself. A distinct blade facet is not present; it has been lost through abrasion. There is no evidence of any form of incised or cast decoration present on any surface of the axe. However, almost all of the original patina has been lost through laminating corrosion. Where a large segment of original patina remains on one face there is no discernable patterning. The axe is a mid green brown colour; where damage has occurred there is a light green active corrosion product present. The overall condition of the axe suggests that there has been a relatively large amount of movement in the soil. The axehead is best described as coming from the first phases of the Early Bronze Age and is comparable to (although not containing all the attributes of Migdale axes (many of these tend to have narrower butts which flare at the cutting edge). These axes all fit within the earliest phases of metal working in Britain, metalworking stage II, which corresponds to Needham's (1996) Period 2 circa 2350- 2050 CAL. BC. This means that they are dated, broadly, to the same period as Beaker pottery, barbed and tanged flint arrowheads, copper halberds and gold lunulae. |
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Depicted place | (County of findspot) County of Herefordshire | ||
Date | between 2350 BC and 2050 BC | ||
Accession number |
FindID: 389460 Old ref: HESH-ACD6C1 Filename: HESH-ACD6C1_6.jpg |
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Credit line |
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Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/281993 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/281993/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/389460 |
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Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution-ShareAlike License |
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File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 12:15, 28 January 2017 | 4,254 × 1,788 (556 KB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, HESH, FindID: 389460, bronze age, page 611, batch count 10992 |
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- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281986).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281987).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281988).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281990).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281991).jpg
- File:Early Bronze Age, Flat Axe (FindID 389460-281992).jpg
Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot G10 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 14:52, 18 May 2010 |
Lens focal length | 6.1 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
File change date and time | 14:52, 18 May 2010 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 14:52, 18 May 2010 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 5 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.90625 |
APEX aperture | 3.625 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.96875 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 15,123.287671233 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 15,123.287671233 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |