File:Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic (1922) (14595594758).jpg

Identifier: domesticarchite00kimb (find matches)
Title: Domestic architecture of the American colonies and of the early republic
Year: 1922 (1920s)
Authors: Kimball, Fiske, 1888-1955 New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Committee on Education
Subjects: Architecture, Domestic Architecture, Colonial
Publisher: New York, C. Scribner's Sons
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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retensions. Although Palladios published designs for villas and palacesall show pitch roofs without eaves-balustrades, his Basilica, like the Library ofSt. Mark and the palaces of Michelangelo on the Capitol, had only a balustradevisible above the cornice; and this scheme of roof a Titalienne had been an indexof the spread of academic influence. It marked the first designs of Inigo Jones;it appeared in France for the first time in the garden front of Versailles and thecolonnade of the Louvre. By 1721 it had filtered down into the popular hand-books. In Godfrey Richardss version of The First Book of Architecture ofAndrea Palladio, Chapter L discourses Of Flat Roofs, and a figure shows theconstruction, which, with the coverings then available, involved a slope of sometwenty degrees, concealed by a parapet. We have seen that, in the colonies, Rose-well had a concealed roof and a parapet as early as 1730. An aversion to visible roofs was among the strongest feelings of one large group 192
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AMERICAN DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE of architects and laymen in the early republic. Cooper has expressed and satirizedthis feeling in The Pioneers (1822),1 in describing the mansion of MarmadukeTemple, joint product of an amateur and a builder, erected just before 1793 in thewilderness of central New York. We have seen that the use of an eaves-balustradebegan just before the Revolution. In the first ambitious houses after the war thisfeature was adopted almost universally, and the roof itself was now kept lowenough to be out of sight. The Peirce (Nichols) house in Salem (figure 154) andWashingtons portico at Mount Vernon are early examples. To make a roof really flat, so that it might serve as a terrace walk, as contem-plated for the outbuildings of Monticello and the White House, and for the col-onnades of the University of Virginia, presented great technical difficulties whichhave only been overcome in recent years by the aid of bituminous coverings. Jef-ferson devoted much attention to

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