File:Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis (1920) (14593834700).jpg

Identifier: diseasesofchestp1920norr (find matches)
Title: Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Norris, George William, 1875-1965 Landis, Henry R. M. (Henry Robert Murray), 1872-1937, joint author Krumbhaar, E. B. (Edward Bell), 1882-1966
Subjects: Chest Diagnosis Thoracic Diseases Diagnosis
Publisher: Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders company
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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era-tion is also to be distinguished from eventration which is next to beconsidered. EVENTRATION OF THE DIAPHRAGM Eventration is a relatively rare condition. It is characterized by ageneral expansion of one-half of the diaphragm allowing the abdominalviscera to be displaced upward into the thoracic cavity. It differsfrom hernia and evisceration in that the contour of the affected dome isnot irregular. There is neither a bulging nor a locahzed opening (Fig.369). Various names have been applied to the condition, the terms em-ployed being more or less descriptive of what is presumed to be theanatomical factor. Thus it has been referred to as insufficiency, relaxa-tion, dilatation, high position or elevation of the diaphragm. DISEASES OF THE DIAPHRAGM 639 Etiology.—There are two hypotheses as to the cause of the abnormallyhigh position of the diaphragm. . 1 It is believed bv some to be due to increased abdommal tension longcontinued. There is little to support this view. An overwhelming
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Fig. 369.—Eventration of the diaphragm. (Courtesy of Dr. D. R. Bou-en.) majority of the cases have occurred in males. Women who have passedthrough a number of pregnancies are not predisposed to the condition mspite of the abdominal pressure. Furthermore, it has been encounteredin infants and young children. 640 DISEASES OF THE BRONCHI, LUNGS, PLEURA, AND DIAPHRAGM 2. The weight of opinion is in favor of a congenital origin. The pointsin favor of this are that it does occur in infants; the lung on the affectedside is not compressed; and finally there is no history of traumatismor acute infection which might lead to weakness or relaxation of thediaphragm. It is a rare condition. In a study of 652 cases of hernia, both true andfalse, and eventration, Eppeniger found but 17 examples of the latter.Recently Bayne-Jones^ reported 45 cases from the literature. His papercontains all that is known on the subject. Males are affected in thegreat majority of cases. Of the 45 cases so far recorde

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