File:Death of the Buddha. Gandhara.Met.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionDeath of the Buddha. Gandhara.Met.jpg |
English: The Death of the Buddha (Parinirvana). Pakistan (ancient region of Gandhara), ca. 3rd century. Schist, H. 26 in.; W. 26 in.; D. 3 in. Metropolitan Museum of Art. When the Buddha was eighty he died near the city of Kushinagara, breaking free from the cycle of rebirth and reaching nirvana. This panel, which would have been set into the harmika at the top of a stupa (relic mound), shows the Buddha surrounded by lay and monastic mourners in various states of grief. Their reactions are contrasted with the perfect calm of the monk with his back turned, Subhadra, who realizes there is no reason for sorrow, as the Buddha has reached nirvana. Iconic images of the Buddha's death, based on the Gandharan prototype, became important icons for veneration across the Buddhist world in following centuries.
Français : La mort du Bouddha (Parinirvana). Pakistan (ancienne région du Gandhara), v. IIIème siècle. Schiste, H. 66; P. 7.6 cm. Metropolitan Museum of Art. Lorsque le Bouddha a eu quatre-vingts ans il est mort près de la ville de Kushinagara, afin de se libérer du cycle de la renaissance et atteindre le nirvana. Ce panneau, qui aurait été placé dans le harmika au sommet d'un stupa, montre le Bouddha entouré de pleureuses laïques et monastiques montrant leur chagrin sous diverses formes. Leurs réactions contrastent avec le calme parfait du moine qui nous tourne le dos, Subhadra ; il se rend compte qu'il n'y a aucune raison d’être malheureux, puisque le Bouddha a atteint le nirvana. Des représentations figuratives de la mort de Bouddha, basées sur le prototype du Gandhara, sont devenues des icônes importantes pour la vénération, à travers tout le monde bouddhiste au cours des siècles qui ont suivi. |
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Source | Own work |
Author | Ismoon (talk) |
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current | 18:11, 10 January 2016 | 2,641 × 2,680 (760 KB) | Ismoon (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description ={{en|1=The Death of the Buddha (Parinirvana). Pakistan (ancient region of Gandhara), ca. 3rd century. Schist, H. 26 in.; W. 26 in.; D. 3 in. Metropolitan Museum of Art. When the Buddha was eighty he died near the city of... |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot G11 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/4 |
ISO speed rating | 1,600 |
Date and time of data generation | 23:39, 28 November 2015 |
Lens focal length | 21.461 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 6.3 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 18:13, 10 January 2016 |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 23:39, 28 November 2015 |
APEX shutter speed | 5.906891 |
APEX aperture | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4 APEX (f/4) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 12,493.15 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 12,493.15 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Lens used | 6.1-30.5mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 19:13, 10 January 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | D74B81E24348ACF08521585665575B0B |
IIM version | 4 |