File:Cstm mumbai.jpg
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![File:Cstm mumbai.jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cstm_mumbai.jpg/800px-Cstm_mumbai.jpg?20180923092149)
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[edit]DescriptionCstm mumbai.jpg |
English: The station building is designed in the High Victorian Gothic style of architecture. The building exhibits a fusion of influences from Victorian Italianate Gothic Revival architecture and classical Indian architecture. The skyline, turrets, pointed arches, and eccentric ground plan are close to classical Indian palace architecture. Externally, the wood carving, tiles, ornamental iron and brass railings, grills for the ticket offices, the balustrades for the grand staircases and other ornaments were the work of students at the Sir Jamsetjee Jeejebhoy School of Art. The station stands as an example of 19th century railway architectural marvels for its advanced structural and technical solutions. The CST was constructed using a high level of engineering both in terms of railway and civil engineering. It is one of the first and finest products of the use of industrial technology, merged with the Gothic Revival style in India. The centrally domed office structure has a 330 foot long platform connected to a 1,200 foot long train shed, and its outline provides the skeleton plan for the building. CST's dome of dovetailed ribs, built without centering, was considered as a novel achievement of the era. The interior of the building was conceived as a series of large rooms with high ceilings. It is a utilitarian building and has had various changes required by the users, not always sympathetic. It has a C-shaped plan which is symmetrical on an east-west axis. All the sides of the building are given equal value in the design. It is crowned by a high central dome, which acts as the focal point. The dome is an octagonal ribbed structure with a colossal female figure symbolizing Progress, holding a torch pointing upwards in her right hand and a spoked wheel in her left hand. The side wings enclose the courtyard, which opens on to the street. The wings are anchored by monumental turrets at each of their four corners, which balance and frame the central dome. The façades present the appearance of well proportioned rows of windows and arches. The ornamentation in the form of statuary, bas-reliefs, and friezes is exuberant yet well controlled. The columns of the entrance gates are crowned by figures of a lion (representing Great Britain) and a tiger (representing India). The main structure is built from a blend of India sandstone and limestone, while high-quality Italian marble was used for the key decorative elements. The main interiors are also decorated: the ground floor of the North Wing, known as the Star Chamber, which is still used as the booking office, is embellished with Italian marble and polished Indian blue stone. The stone arches are covered with carved foliage and grotesques.[14] Internally, the ceiling of the booking hall was originally painted blue, gold and strong red on a ground of rich blue with gold stars. Its walls were lined with glazed tiles made by Maw & Co of Britain.[15] Outside, there are statues representing Commerce, Agriculture, Engineering and Science, with a statue representing Progress on the central dome of the station.[15] A statue of Queen Victoria that stood on the main façade was destroyed.[15] |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Yash parmar123 |
Camera location | 18° 56′ 23.03″ N, 72° 50′ 06.11″ E ![]() ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 09:21, 23 September 2018 | ![]() | 4,032 × 3,024 (3.34 MB) | Yash parmar123 (talk | contribs) | User created page with UploadWizard |
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This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Apple |
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Camera model | iPhone 7 |
Exposure time | 1/1,520 sec (0.00065789473684211) |
F-number | f/1.8 |
ISO speed rating | 20 |
Date and time of data generation | 17:16, 15 September 2018 |
Lens focal length | 3.99 mm |
Latitude | 18° 56′ 23.03″ N |
Longitude | 72° 50′ 6.11″ E |
Altitude | 12.788 meters above sea level |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | 11.4.1 |
File change date and time | 17:16, 15 September 2018 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 17:16, 15 September 2018 |
Meaning of each component |
|
APEX shutter speed | 10.569624819625 |
APEX aperture | 1.6959937156324 |
APEX brightness | 10.139359698682 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 463 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 463 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 28 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
GPS time (atomic clock) | 11:46 |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 0.18725571479332 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 143.06553911205 |
Reference for bearing of destination | True direction |
Bearing of destination | 143.06553911205 |
GPS date | 15 September 2018 |