File:Cross tie forms and rail fastenings with special reference to treated timbers (1904) (14760591092).jpg

Identifier: crosstieformsrai50vons (find matches)
Title: Cross tie forms and rail fastenings with special reference to treated timbers
Year: 1904 (1900s)
Authors: Von Schrenk, Hermann, 1873-1953
Subjects: Railroads Ties Wood Preservation
Publisher: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Bureau of Forestry
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library

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Text Appearing Before Image:
Fig.19 Fig-20- Fg-2>- LOG DIAMETER I0.6Z INCHES. LOG DIAMETER 3.84 INCHES. LOG DIAMETER 944 INCHES Figs. 13-21.—Manner of cutting ties practced by timber contractors in Germany. The ties used in Belgium are of the extreme half-round form. Theseties are placed with the wide surface on the ballast, and a place isadzed in on the rounded surface big enough to hold the tie plate. Thisform of tie could be used advantageously with the cheaper kinds oftimber in this country.
Text Appearing After Image:
TIE FORMS. 29 SUMMARY. From the foregoing discussion we may make the following general-izations : First. It is not desirable to continue the present method of classify-ing ties as first class, second class, etc., and culls. Instead, an alter-native classification is proposed, which substitutes a division intogrades A, B, C, etc., each standing for a certain definite size. Sucha classification would throw out the cull tie entirely. Second. It is not desirable to decrease the number of ties of thepresent breadth now laid per rail length, for the reason that even withan increased stiffness of rail a reduction in the bearing surface on theballast is not warranted, in view of the fact that a larger bearing sur-face on the ballast is continually being sought for. In this connectionit must be remembered that closer spacing of ties will not be possible,since a certain minimum space must be maintained to permit propertrack work. In other words, increasing the breadth of the tie willnecessarily

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