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to me in his fifteenth year, 6 months after he was craniectomized, 
was dreamy, and extremely nervous. Had had the habit as late as 
his tenth year of sucking his thumb and of pulling his hair ; had 
pulled almost all the hair off the top of his head. Had been allowed 
to smoke cigarettes inordinately during his twelfth year. Could not 
concentrate attention ; desired constant change. Dark hair and 
eyes ; pleasant expression. Obedient, affectionate, and truthful. 
Recognized color and form, and could read, write and cipher. Pow- 
ers of attention, imitation, and memory good. Sight, hearing, and 
speech perfect. Took delight in trees, birds, and flowers. Did well 
in purely mental work, but having little idea of proportion, and 
measurement, manual training was at first difficult. In this, how- 
ever, he has improved and does beautiful work in sloyd. Im-provement was due in no way to operation, but to careful, patient 
training. 

First-born ; instrumental delivery ; nourished by mother for first 
few weel<:s, and then fed artificially. Was a weak, cross, sickly babe. 
Slow in developing, in walking, talking, and in general intelligence. 
At 6 years had a severe fall, striking on his face. Father — a paper 
hanger — and mother, were each 21 when K. was born. Father 
healthy ; mother delicate, phthisical and nervous — any excitement 
inducing fainting spells — died at 33 of paralysis, as had also her 
father. Father and both grandfathers drank moderately. The 
father says of his family : " A close examination might place 
some of us below the average scale of intelligence — not feeble- 
minded or insane, but usually termed queer."

Case C. — M. R. Male ; aged 20 years. Middle-grade. Well-

formed ; blue eyes, red hair. Nervous, erratic, loquacious, and an 
egoist ; affectionate, obstinate at times, and noisy. Unable to concen- 
trate his attention for any length of time ; can sometimes read and 
write quite well, and again, not at all. 

In his twelfth year his parents were induced, although there was 
no sign of pressure on the brain, to have craniectomy performed with 
hopes of mental improvement, which have not been realized. 

Third-born; full term; ordinary labor. Mother profoundly 
shocked 3 weeks before M.'s birth. Father a miner, was 26,and mother 25, at time of child's birth. M. developed epilepsy at 
4 months, which continued until the fifth year, when he was circum- 
cised ; no spasms since.

Case D. — C. H. Boy; aged 19 years. Middle-grade. Was

craniectomized at 12 years of age and came to me a year later. 
Sight, speech and hearing normal. Extremely nervous, active, noisy, 
but affectionate, obedient and truthful. Tidy in dress and cleanly 
in habits. Powers of attention, imitation, and memory fair. Could 
count his ten fingers, but knew nothing of color, form, or alphabet. 
In kindergarten, improved slowly ; began to imitate motions in 
games and to sing. To copy the alphabet and to weave paper mats 
was the extent of his attainments, and within two years his mental 
limit reached, he became quarrelsome, easily excited and his attention 
diverted by any trifle. In appearance he looks brighter than he really 
is, for, losing both memory and hand power, he is steadily deterior- 
ating, not the slightest improvement having resulted from the 
operation. 

First-born ; at full term ; instrumental delivery to which mental 
condition is attributed; nourished by mother, and apparently strong 
and healthy until seventh month, when he had meningitis. Seemed 
different from other children ; slow and peculiar, could not get along 
in ordinary public school. Father, a piano-key maker — dying of 
anaemia at the age of 42 — was 34, and mother — very deaf — aged 19