File:Cooley's cyclopaedia of practical receipts and collateral information in the arts, manufactures, professions, and trades including medicine, pharmacy, hygiene, and domestic economy - designed as a (14594843989).jpg

Identifier: cooleyscyclopaed01cool (find matches)
Title: Cooley's cyclopaedia of practical receipts and collateral information in the arts, manufactures, professions, and trades including medicine, pharmacy, hygiene, and domestic economy : designed as a comprehensive supplement to the Pharmacopoeia and general book of reference for the manufacturer, tradesman, amateur, and heads of families
Year: 1880 (1880s)
Authors: Cooley, Arnold James Tuson, Richard Vine, 1832-1888
Subjects: Industrial arts Technology Recipes Pharmaceutical Preparations
Publisher: London : J. & A. Churchill
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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or of ammonia of anyrequired strength, or to ascertain the strength 1 For a full description of the ammonia-still, seeNcwtona Patent Journ.j Pharm. Joum.,siii, 64; &c. of that in the receivers, by observing theexpansion of the liquid. Water, when fullysaturated with ammonia, expands from 3volumes to 5 vols.; and in less, but correspond-ing proportion, according to the quantityabsorbed. All that is necessary in practice is,that each receiver be furnished with a gauge-pipe by which the degree of expansion may benoted. On the small scale, giaduated glassreceivers may be used. 3. Mallets Apparatus. This, which is em-ployed in many of the large gas works, isshown in vertical section in the accompanyingwoodcut. Steam is forced into large recep-tacles, which are filled with gas water, bywhich means the carbonate of ammonia isvolatilised. When lime, as is sometimes thecase, is added, ammonia gas is evolved, andthis being conveyed into weak sulphuric acid,sulphate of ammonia is the result.
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126 AMMONIUM The apparatus consists of two cylindricalboiler-plate vessels, A and B. A is heateddirectly by the fire, and has a leaden tube, c,\Yhich dips into the liquid contained in B, thisvessel being so placed as to catch the wasteheat from the fire. 5 and e are man-holes; aand a are stirrers. By means of the tube dthe fluid from B can be run off into A, Gas-water is pouied into both vessels, and limeadded; ammonia is liberated, whilst carbonateof lime and sulphide of calcium are formed,and these latter remain in the vessels afterthe volatilisation of the ammonia. The vesselD is also filled with ammoniacal water, andwhen the operation is in action this water,already warmed, is run by the aid of the tubeli from D into B. E is a gas-water tank, fromwhich D is filled by means of g. The ammo-nia set free in A is, with the steam, conveyedby the pipe c into B, thence through e intothe wash-vessel c, and thence again throughc into the first condenser, d. The partiallycondensed vapour now

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