File:Contributions in geographical exploration (1920) (14778932044).jpg

Identifier: contributionsing00ohiouoft (find matches)
Title: Contributions in geographical exploration
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Ohio State University
Subjects:
Publisher: Columbus
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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, but around the comer from, those shown as dark spots on themountain side in the middle distance. products, both gaseous and solid, are now in process of analysisby the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution.These analyses, when complete, arc expected to be made thesubject of a special contribution, and no more than mentionof the matter can be made at this time. TEMPERATURES AHOVi: 400° C. The temperatures of the vapors are, likewise, matters ofsignificance in this connection. If the smokes were due merelyto waters coming in contact with the surface of hot lava, their inr. The Ohio Journal of Science (Vol. XIX, No. 2, temperatures should be in the neighborhood of the boilingpoint. As a matter of fact, however, all of the^more activevents are much hotter than that. They are so hot that whenwe poked our walking sticks into them they came out blackenedand charred from the heat. Once, before we were alive to thesituation, we tried to take their temperature with a thermometer
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Photograph by R. F. Griggs TAKING THE TEMPERATURE OF A HOT ONE. Many of the vents were so hot as to be beyond the range of the thermometers we earned the first year; so hot that the steam would char a piece of wood and did not begm to condense for some distance from the orifice. The expedition of 1918 measured temperatures up to 430° C. tied to a stick. When we took it out, after momentarilyplunging it into the hot steam, the string was burned in two,so that we almost lost our thermometer. The smoke emergesat so high a temperature that it is altogether invisible as itleaves the vent, and condenses only after it has travelled somedistance through the cold air. (See pictures above). The Dec, 191S) Are the Ten Thousand Smokes Real Volcanoes? 107 vents were so nuich hotter than we had expected, that in Ill?we were entirely unprepared to measure their temperatures.The expedition of 1918, however, went prejjared to cope withthe situation. The records thus secured will he given in detailin

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