File:Contributions in geographical exploration (1920) (14594638088).jpg

Identifier: contributionsing00ohiouoft (find matches)
Title: Contributions in geographical exploration
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Ohio State University
Subjects:
Publisher: Columbus
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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rimary question which must arise in the mind of any-one who considers the Valley is as to the nature of its activity.Are its smokes real volcanoes? Or are they of a more superficialcharacter caused merely by the vaporization of surface water?It is evident enough that such a Valley full of Smokesmight be due, either (1) to the percolation of surface watersdown through the fragmental ejecta of the recent eruptionto a flow of lava beneath, which, though erupted before the fallof ash, still retains a high temperature and vaporizes the waterthat comes in contact with it; or (2) the smokes might derivetheir gases from molten magma beneath the surface, in whichcase the vents would be as truly volcanoes as is Vesuviusitself. Certain of the features of the Valley seem to favor each ofthese hypotheses It will be well, therefore, to pass thesefacts in review. But before doing so, it will be desirable to ♦Copyright, 1919, by National Geographic Society, Wasliington. D. C. Allrights reserved. 97
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CO ao -§ c S a; rt > o (u a a ^ o ^tn O 6^ li t-) t/) ,^, ^ -•-> ►-^ ^r^ o 5?M 03 .Sr C-i aiH cc •s^ W O Q u OS U2 ..H w n3 4) K ax! ^ S* 3 . o o 5x; tn Co> O u ^ 8^ rj <U +3 o Dec, 1918) Are the Ten Thousand Smokes Real Volcanoes? 99 comment on the two hypotheses themselves. Everyone wouldprefer to explain the Valley as a superficial phenomenon, ifsuch an explanation is possible, for that would bring into playnothing unusual in volcanic phenomena and would involveno far reaching theories. If-, on the other hand, it is held thatthe smokes are truly volcanic, then it will have to be admittedthat the formation of the Valley was an event without parallelamong historic eruptions. More than that it would raise somefundamental questions concerning the nature of volcanismin general. Recognizing this situation, one ought to adoptthe simpler hypothesis if it is at all possible to bring the factsinto harmony with it. We shall begin, therefore, by marshallingthe facts which su

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