File:Castillo de San Marco National Monument - 49912316853.jpg
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[edit]DescriptionCastillo de San Marco National Monument - 49912316853.jpg |
English: The Castillo de San Marcos (Spanish for "St. Mark's Castle") is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States; it is located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine, Florida. The Castillo was designed by the Spanish engineer Ignacio Daza, with construction beginning in 1672, 107 years after the city's founding by Spanish Admiral and conquistador Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, when Florida was part of the Spanish Empire. The fort's construction was ordered by Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega after a raid by the English privateer Robert Searles in 1668 that destroyed much of St. Augustine and damaged the existing wooden fort. Work proceeded under the administration of Guerra's successor, Manuel de Cendoya in 1671, and the first coquina stones were laid in 1672. The construction of the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695, though it would undergo many alterations and renovations over the centuries.
When Britain gained control of Florida in 1763 pursuant to the Treaty of Paris, St. Augustine became the capital of British East Florida, and the fort was renamed Fort St. Mark until the Peace of Paris (1783) when Florida was transferred back to Spain and the fort's original name restored. In 1819, Spain signed the Adams–Onís Treaty which ceded Florida to the United States in 1821; consequently the fort was designated a United States Army base and renamed Fort Marion, in honor of American Revolutionary War hero Francis Marion. The fort was declared a National Monument in 1924, and after 251 years of continuous military possession, was deactivated in 1933. The 20.48-acre (8.29 ha) site was subsequently turned over to the United States National Park Service. In 1942 the original name, Castillo de San Marcos, was restored by an Act of Congress. Castillo de San Marcos was attacked several times and twice besieged: first by English colonial forces led by Carolina Colony Governor James Moore in 1702, and then by English Georgia colonial Governor James Oglethorpe in 1740, but was never taken by force. However, possession of the fort has changed six times, all peaceful, among four different governments: Spain, 1695–1763 and 1783–1821, Kingdom of Great Britain, 1763–1783, and the United States of America), 1821–date (during 1861–1865, under control of the Confederate States of America). Under United States control the fort was used as a military prison to incarcerate members of Native American tribes starting with the Seminole—including the famous war chief, Osceola, in the Second Seminole War—and members of western tribes, including Geronimo's band of Chiricahua Apache. The Native American art form known as Ledger Art had its origins at the fort during the imprisonment of members of the Plains tribes such as Howling Wolf of the southern Cheyenne. Ownership of the Castillo was transferred to the National Park Service in 1933, and it has been a popular tourist destination since then. Source: Wikipedia |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/21874566@N07/49912316853/ |
Author | RuggyBearLA |
Camera location | 29° 53′ 52.04″ N, 81° 18′ 41.7″ W ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by RuggyBearLA at https://flickr.com/photos/21874566@N07/49912316853. It was reviewed on 19 November 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
19 November 2020
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current | 02:22, 19 November 2020 | ![]() | 3,000 × 2,247 (5.27 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by RuggyBearLA from https://www.flickr.com/photos/21874566@N07/49912316853/ with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | |
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Camera model | Pixel 3 XL |
Exposure time | 1/3,900 sec (0.00025641025641026) |
F-number | f/1.8 |
ISO speed rating | 56 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:19, 31 October 2019 |
Lens focal length | 4.44 mm |
Latitude | 29° 53′ 52.04″ N |
Longitude | 81° 18′ 41.7″ W |
Altitude | 12.666 meters above sea level |
City shown | St. Augustine |
Width | 4,016 px |
Height | 3,008 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop 21.0 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 23:14, 26 January 2020 |
Exif version | 2.31 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:19, 31 October 2019 |
APEX shutter speed | 11.929258 |
APEX aperture | 1.695994 |
APEX brightness | 9.4660339355469 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 1.695994 APEX (f/1.8) |
Subject distance | 2.554 meters |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 745787 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 745787 |
Color space | sRGB |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 27 mm |
Subject distance range | Close view |
GPS time (atomic clock) | 15:13 |
Measurement precision | Poor (23.584) |
GPS date | 31 October 2019 |
GPS tag version | 0.0.2.2 |
Lens used | Google Pixel 3 XL Rear Camera |
Date metadata was last modified | 15:14, 26 January 2020 |
Rating (out of 5) | 1 |
Unique ID of original document | 1B48A05BD6428D7F70C5A004641BE44A |
Province or state shown | Florida |
Country shown | United States of America |
Sublocation of city shown | Davis Shores |
Code for country shown | US |
IIM version | 4 |