File:Capacity.svg

\documentclass[crop,border=5,tikz,convert={outext=,
  command=\unexpanded{pdf2svg \infile\space\outfile\%02d.svg
    all}},multi=false]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{math,calc,through,shapes,patterns,decorations.pathmorphing, circuits.ee.IEC}

%%% usage: \coordsys{xmin}{xmax}{xname}{ymin}{ymax}{yname}{title}
\newcommand{\coordsys}[6]{
  \path (#1,0) ++(-1,0) coordinate (xmin);
  \path (#2,0) ++(1,0) coordinate (xmax);
  \path (0,#4) ++(0,-1) coordinate (ymin);
  \path (0,#5) ++(0,1) coordinate (ymax);
  \path (xmax) ++(ymax) coordinate (name);
  \draw[step=0.5cm,color=gray!40,very thin] (#1-1,#4-1) grid (name);
  \clip (#1-1,#4-1) rectangle (name);
  % x-axis
  \draw (xmax) node[anchor=north east,fill=white] {#3};
  \draw [->,thick,>=latex,gray] (xmin) -- (xmax);
  % y-axis
  \draw (ymax) node[anchor=north east,fill=white] {#6};
  \draw [->,thick,>=latex,gray] (ymin) -- (ymax);
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,circuit ee IEC,x=1cm,y=1cm,semithick,
  every info/.style={font=\footnotesize},scale=0.8,
  set make contact graphic= make contact IEC graphic]
  \draw (0,2) to [current direction'={info={$I$}}] ++(left:3) to
  [battery={direction info'={info'={$U_{\mathrm 0}$}}}] ++(down:4) to
  [make contact={info'={$S$}}] ++(right:3) to (0,-2);
  \draw (0,2) to [resistor={info'={$R$}}] (0,0);
  \draw (0,0) to [capacitor={info'={$C$}}] (0,-2);
  \draw[thick, ->] (0.5,1.6)--(0.5,0.4);
  \node at (1,1) {$U_{R}$};
  \draw[thick, <-] (0.5,-1.6)--(0.5,-0.4);
  \node at (1,-1) {$U_{C}$};
  \begin{scope}[shift={(-4,-6)}]
    \coordsys{0}{5}{$t$}{0}{2}{$U\;$}
    \draw[thick] (-0.1,2) -- (0.1,2) node[anchor=east]{$U_0\;$};
    \node[anchor=west,fill=white,text=black!50!blue,inner sep=0.5mm]
    (T) at (0.5,2.5)
    {\footnotesize $U(t)=U_{\mathrm 0}\!\left(1-e^{-\frac{t}{RC}}\right)$};
    \node[anchor=west,fill=white,text=black!50!green,inner sep=0.5mm]
    (T) at (3.1,0.55) {\footnotesize $U(t)=U_{\mathrm 0}e^{-\frac{t}{RC}}$};
    \draw[smooth,domain=0:5.9,very thick,dotted,draw=black!50!blue] plot
    function {2*(1-exp(-0.75*x))};
    \draw[smooth,domain=0:5.8,very thick,dotted,draw=black!50!green] plot
    function {2.*exp(-(0.75*x))};
    \draw[dashed,gray] (0,2)--(1.25,0);
    \draw (1.25,0.1)--+(0,-0.2)
    node[anchor=north,shift={(0.42,0.10)}]{\footnotesize $\tau=RC$};
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}