File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Game Commision), no. 11 (1911) (20492225112).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Game Commision), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11penn (find matches)
Year: 1911 (1910s)
Authors: Pennsylvania Game Commission
Subjects: Game protection; Birds
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : Pennsylvania Game commission
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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bittersweet forms much of the normal diet of birds in sections where it is abundant. Both game and song birds feed on the berries and they should be permitted to remain in the woods for game food. Coniferous or evergreen plantations made for reforestation purposes are wonderful havens of safety for pursued game, especially ruffed grouse. Under the thick canopy formed by the crowns of the planted trees grouse and other small game may obtain protection from hawks. It requires but a very few years for the small seedling trees ordinarily planted to reach a size sufficient to provide adequate and desirable cover for game. Also many birds and animals relish as food seeds from cones of evergreen trees. A plantation of such species will furnish both cover and food for game, as well as timber in later years. For maximum utility for game, plantations of evergreens must not be large in size. They should not be more than 500 or 600 feet in diameter. AH old fields or clearings should not be planted as they are essential to the well being of many small game species. It is better to have clumps or small patches planted here and there with evergreens and some clear- ings left to grow up to the miscellaneous assortment of weeds and briars which provide game food. SUITABLE PLANTING STOCK Far better results will be obtained by planting nursery grown seedlings in preference to nuts or seeds. If nuts or seeds are planted or sown a large percentage of them will be eaten by rodents. Experience has proved that the percentage of those which germinate is very low. Nuts and seeds of most species sown in a nursery may be expected to result in a good percentage of germination and to produce good healthy seed- lings. These seedlings, after one or two years in the nursery, should be planted in their permanent location. Many commercial nurseries are now raising for sale at reasonable prices, quite a variety of trees and shrubs which are desirable as producers of food for game and birds. Trees, shrubs, and other perennial plants, which produce nuts, fruits or seeds' desirable as food for game and birds, are listed on the following page. No effort is made to list them in the order of their importance since the value of each species is variable with locality and with different kinds of game. The common name of the species is given as well as the scientific name of the group to which it belongs, but no attempt is made to list all of the desirable species of each group, since such a list would be 8
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^^pK^.:^.. W-^^ 'J*^S*» M^^i^^Ty Photograph by Dr. C. S. Apgar A Pennsylvania Game Refuge Keeper looks over his territory as the wooded hills and cozy valleys don the white coat of winter.

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