File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20476520546).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11pennx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
II 'â¢I
Text Appearing After Image:
157 r PLATE LXXII. AMERICAN ELM 1, Floworiiig Jininch witli h'al Imils, x J. I'. BiS wUh"uHUiio fniit, iininaturfi loavos and an cximiuling )md. x *. 4. BraiH'li with mature lpav»>8, x i. .,,.,*,, i r. Winter twig with (fl Hower hurts, and (1) Ifaf-budK. x ». fi V Ipaf-scar with liundle-srars, «'nlarged. , , , , ?: SoSm of a winter twig, with a slightly pui.os<ent bud. onlargod. AMERICAN ELM .. Elmus amcricana, Linnaeus FOEMâA large tree UBually atUlning a height of 80-100 ft. with a diameter of 2-4 ft., bnt may reach a height of 120 ft. with a diameter of 8-11 feet. A tree In Jefferson county. Pennsylvania, reached a height of 140 ft. and had a crown spread of 76 feet. It cut almost 9 000 board feet of lumber. The form Is very valuable. The most common kinds which are recognized are "Vase Form," "UmbreUa Form," "Oak Form," and "Feathered Form." Some trunks are tall and straight terminated by a shallow but broad crown composed of very gracefully drooping lateral branches. In open grown trees, the trunk often divides near the ground. The form may resemble the spray of a fountain. See Fig. 66. BARKâRather thick, grayish, whence its name Gray Elm, roughened by long and Irregular furrows separating rather broad, flat ridges which are usually firm but occasionally flaky or corky. Cross-section of bark often shows alternating white and brown layers. TWIGSâSlender, at first greenish and pubescent, later smooth and reddish-brown, roughened by leaf-scars and pale, inconspicuous, scattered lentlcels. Base of twigs marked with persistent ring-like bud-scale scars. BTJDS-Altemate; terminal bud absent; ovate, sharp-pointed, slightly flattened '««»dl8»'-bro^. usually smooth, rarely slightly hairy, covered with about 6-10 overlapping reddish-brown scales ^thdar^r margin Leaf-buds are smaller than the flower buds and located toward end of twfg. I^owerTuds are larger and located along side of twig. Btads are usually located above one end of leaf scar. LEAVEB-Altemate, simple, ovate. 4-6 inches long, thick rough. 7^^J»»J '^"jf' ""J*' at^x, doubly-toothed on margin. Primary veins run straight ttom midrib to points of the teeth. LEAF-flCARS-Altemate. 2-ranked. elevated, semi-circular, with corky surface, marked with three equidistant bundle-scars which may be compounded and are usually sunken. FMWER8âADoear before the leaves from lateral propagative buds. Flowers occur In 8-4 floâ¢rcm^e«'^n doping stalks about 1 inch long. They are perfect with greenish calyx, reddish anthers, and light green styles. FRTTIT-An oval samara, about J of an inch long, borne on a slender stalk; consists of a flaT^!" s^^'Sld bT a wing which is terminally deeply notched and ciliated on margin. Itetures early in spring shortly after flowers. WOOD-^n^wh.t .imllar to Slippery Eln.. «««*/»«⢠^'.""t^ ^\ Z^^'^Ut. rjr S'«?^x.:^T^i HjS7»S3"i.r. r.jn.rro/"J'...L. Slippery Elm. o ,oâ»o It Mtends from Nevrfonndland across Canada to RAHOE-Few trees have so ^"/« Â»/f "f.^ "â!!*t^d w"tt to Fl'»"f â¢""""⢠'»'^"'"« u"^"r^."?'n 'loh aimvl.1 «.ll. V«..lly mtt«l with other b^dwood., account of lU ^de dletrlbutlon. '"»=. f'^'/i^^^i' "^^ ,'L." U hM not been planted died It "the met mngnldcant â '<^»»^'\°' *° A^'T""ally on rich wll which may be too Imnehes.

Note About Images