File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20315199099).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11penx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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189 li â ij
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LARGE-LEAVED HOLLY. Ilex monticola, Gray. FORMâA shrub or small tree usually less than 20 ft. in height but may reach a height of 40 ft. with a diameter of 12 inches. It reaches its largest size in North and In South Carolina. Trunk short, bearing a rather wide and deep crown formed by slender, spreading, ascending branches. BARKâThin, light brown, rough, warty, covered with numerous lenticels. TWIGSâSmooth, reddish-brown, )L>ecomlng dark gray, enlarged at nodes; with decurrent ridges running down from leaf-scars; round, marked by many small lenticels at first indistinct but later conspicuous. Pith round, narrow, light yellowish-green. BUDSâAlternate, terminal bud present; lateral buds often superposed and covered with gaping scales; broadly ovate to globular, small, about i of an inch long, sharp-pointed or occasionally blunt-pointed. Bud-scales ovate, keeled, sharp-pointed, light brown, finely hairy at apex. LEAVESâAlternate, simple, deciduous, 4-5 inches long, i-2 inches wide, ovate or lanceo- late-oblong, taper-pointed at apex, sharply serrate on margin, tapering or rounded at base, thin, smooth, dark green above, paler below. LEAF-SCARSâAlternate, elliptical to broadly triangular, very small, inclined to twig. Bundle-scars solitary, lunate to almost circular. FLOWERSâAppear on short lateral stalks about June, when the leaves are almost developed; white or nearly so, small, about i of an inch across. Staminate clustered, borne upon pedicels about 2/5 of an inch long; pistillate solitary or few in a cluster, on very short pedicels. FRUITâMatures about September. Bright scarlet, globose, about 2/5 of an inch in diameter containing 4-0 nutlets; nutlets narrowed at the erds, striate, piominently many-ribbed on the back. WOODâDiffuse-porous; hard close-grained, nearly white. In general resembles that of the American Holly, page 188. Weighs about 41 lbs. per cubic foot. Not found on the market. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICSâThe Mountain Holly may be distinguished b!y its small size, its small clustcied white flowers, its bright scarlet globose clustered fruit with striate many-ribbed nutlets, its ovate or lanceolate-oblong, smooth, sharply-serrate, dark green deciduous leaves, its small leaf-scars with a solitary bundle-scar, and its bitter reddish- brown twigs marked by many small lenticels and decurrent ridges below the leaf-scars. The closely related Black Alder or Winterberry (Ilex verticillataj has many characteristics in common with this species but may be distinguished by its smooth and even nutlets. Its flowers which are all short-stalked, its leaves which are more downy on the lower surface. RANGEâNew York to Georgia and Alabama. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIAâRather common in the mountainous parts of the State. Rare or absent in other parts. HABITATâUsualfy found in mountain woods. Prefers rich, moist, often rocky situations. Frequently occurs In shaded places under a dense canopy of larger trees. IMPORTANCE OF THE SL'ECIES-âThis tree is of little forestal importance. It remains small, grows slowly and occurs scattered or in .-mall clumps. Its bright foliage and brilliant fruit recommend it for ornamental purposes. It reaches tree-size only in the South. PLATE Cin. LARGE-LEAVED HOLLY. 1. A pistillate flowering l)ranch, x i. 2. A staminate flowering branch, x S. 3. A fruiting branch, x i. 4. A winter twig, x J. o. Section of a winter twig, enlarged.

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