File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20315116759).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11penx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
158 UMBRELLA TREE. Magnolia tripetala, Linnaeus. FORM—A small tree sometimes attaining the height of 45 ft. with a diameter of 16 Inches. Trunlc short and slender, bearing a broad round-topped crown. Lateral branches stout and spreading, often turned up towards the end. BARK—Smooth, thick, light gray, roughened by small irregularly scattered projections. TWIGS—Stout, smooth, shining, at first greenish, later reddish to greenish-brown; better, swollen at the base of each year's growth, covered with a few conspicuous lenticels; contain large. white, pink-dotted pith. BUDS—Alternate; covered with valvate scales in pairs, each successive pair encloses a leaf; terminal and lateral buds differ much; terminal up to 2 inches in length, narrow, conical, long- pointed, often curved towards the apex, smooth or glaucous, purple, with small dots; lateral small, often barely visible, conical, divergent. LEAVES—Alternate, simple, obovate-lanceolate, 12-24 inches long, thin-pointed at apex, tapering at base, entire on margin; smooth when old; petioles 1-1) inches long. LEAF-SCARS—Alternate, often clustered at swellings along the branch, large, conspicuous, oval somewhat raised, contain numerous irregularly scattered bundle-scars. Stipulate-scars conspicuous, encircle twig, and originate from the side of the leaf-scar. FLOWERS—Appear about May. Upright, solitary, complete, surrounded by a spray of leaves, white, slightly and unpleasantly odorous, 4-6 inches long. Sepals fall away early. FRUIT—Matures about October. An oblong rose-colored, cone-like mass about 2-4 inches long composed of many coherent follicles which split open and liberate red flattish seeds, a he fruit is very beautiful in autumn. WOOD—In general resembles that of the Cucumber Tree, page 157. It is °ot "«e^^/^ commercial purposes, because it is rare, small in size, light, weak, and brittle. Weighs 27.96 lbs. per cubic foot. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS—The Umbrella Tree, also known as Blkwood, is native only to a limited portion of the State in the Susquehanna River valley in the counties of York and Lancaster. It has larger leaf-scars, stouter twigs, larger fruit, larger and smoother buds, and larger leaves than the two other native species of Magnolia Ita leaves are crowded on the summit of the flowering branches in an umbrella-like cluster while those of the other two species are scattered along the branches. It is larger in size than the Laurel Mag- Eolia but smaller than the Cucumber Tree. RANGE—Southern Pennsylvania south to Georgia, west to Kentucky, Arkansas, and northern Mississippi. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIA—Recorded only in the extreme southern part of the State in Lancaster and York counties along the Susquehanna River. HABITAT—Usually found in swamps, along streams, or in ravines. It is tolerant of shade and usually occurs solitary; sometimes mixed with other hardwoods. IMPORTANCE OF THE SPECIES—This tree is of no commercial importance In Pennsylvania on account of its limited distribution, its local and solitary occurrence, and the l°«"ior wood which it produces. It is attractive and, hence, may be recommended for lawn and park plant- ing, but it cannot be recommended for forestry purposes.
Text Appearing After Image:
PLATE LXXVIIL UMBRELLA TREE. k Brrch"with"a'singk' tlowor and the bases of.ttve leaves arranged in an nn.l.rella-liUe .irclc. x J. 3. A carpel splir open sliowing seeds, natural size. 4. A seed, enlarged. , * .. i 5. Branch with a ternunal cone-lilio fruit, x 4. 6. A winter twi«, x i. 7. Section of a winter twig, enlarged.

Note About Images