File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20314826538).jpg

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Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11pennx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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^ PLATE XCI. AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH 1. A lloworiiig branch, with havts, x i. J. I.ouKitudinal section of a llower, enlarged. ."(. A fruiting branch, x J. 4. Section uf a fruit, enlarged. Ti. A winter twig, natural size. t». Sectiou ui a winter twig, enlarged. I AMERICAN MOUNTAIN ASH Pyrus americana, (Marshall) De Candolle FORM—A small tree exceeding 20 ft. In height ^vlth a diameter of 12 inches. A tree 14 Inches in dianrieter is reported from Lycoming county. Trunk rather short and the crown narrow and round-topped, BARK—Thin, smooth or slightly scaly and grayish. TwIGB^Rather stout, smooth, grayish to reddish-brown, covered with conspicuous, pale, oblong lenticels, pith large, brownish. BTTD43—^Alternate, purplish-red, smooth or slightly hairy on outside but densely hairy on inside; terminal bods large, about i of an inch long, broadly conical, with 2-3 visible bud- scales, sharp-pointed and often curved at apex; lateral buds about i of an inch long, closely appressed, somewhat flattened, with 1-2 visible bud-scales. LEAVES—^Alternate, compound, 6-10 inches long, with 13-17 sessile leaflets. Leaflets in pairs except terminal one, lanceolate, 2-3 inches long, sharp-pointed at apex, serrate on margin, tapering or rounded at base. Smooth and dark yellowish-green when full grown, turning yellow in autumn. LEAF-SCARS—Alternate, rather large, elevated on a projection of the twig, broadly U-shaped, with wavy margin, containing 3-8 bundle-scars. FLOWERS—Appear about May when the leaves are fully developed, about i of an inch across, arranged in flat cymes 3-4 inches across. They are white, perfect, FRUIT—Arranged in flat-topped clusters, persisting far into winter, berry-like, about the size of a medium-sized cherry, bright red, round or pear-shaped, In winter wrinkled, its flesh strongly acid. WOOD—Difl'use-porous; rays indistinct; soft, weak, brownish, close-grained. Weighs about 34 lbs. per cubic foot. Not used commercially. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS—^The American Mountain Ash can be distinguished by its alternate compound leaves witii 13-"»7 sessile leaflets which are conspicuously toothed. The flat-topped cymes of white flowers measuring about 3-4 inches across and the bright red fruit about the size of a pea and arranged in flat-topped clusters are characteristic. The stout grayi.sli to reddish-brown twigs with conspicuous pale lenticels and the purplish-red, sharp-pointed, somewhat gummy and usually smooth alternate buds are al.so characteristic. RANGE—Newfoundland westward to Manitoba and Iowa, southward in the mountains to North Carolina. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIA—Limited to the mountainous region of the State. A line drawn from the western part of Tioga county south to Somerset county, east to Bedford county, and thence northeast to Monroe county will include the general distribution of this tree. A small patch occurs on top of Martin's Hill (elevation 3,000 feet) in Bedford county. The larger specimens are 8 inches in diameter Very abundant in Bear Meadows, Centre county. The largest known mountain ash in Pennsylvania stands near Daleville, Covington Township, Jjackawanna county. It is 50 ft. high and 24 inches in diameter. HABITAT—Prefers moist or rocky hillsides. Often found on the border of streams and locally common on rocky hillsides. IMPORTANCE OF THE SPECIES—Tlie American Mountain Ash is of no commercial im- portance. It rarely exceeds a height of 20-25 ft. with a diameter of 12-15 inches. It is rather attractive and deserves to be planted for ornamental purposes. Its attractive ornamental features are its form, broad cyme-like clusters of white flowers, and its bright red clusters of fruit which ripen in autumn. INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE

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Author Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
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Volume
InfoField
11
Flickr tags
InfoField
  • bookid:bulletinpennsylv11pennx
  • bookyear:1901
  • bookdecade:1900
  • bookcentury:1900
  • bookauthor:Pennsylvania_Dept_of_Forestry
  • booksubject:Forests_and_forestry
  • bookpublisher:Harrisburg_Pa_The_Department_WM_Stanley_Ray_state_printer_of_Pennsylvania
  • bookcontributor:Penn_State_University
  • booksponsor:Lyrasis_Members_and_Sloan_Foundation
  • bookleafnumber:278
  • bookcollection:penn_state_univ
  • bookcollection:microfilm
  • bookcollection:americana
  • bookcollection:additional_collections
  • BHL Collection
Flickr posted date
InfoField
12 August 2015



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