File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (20313753928).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11penx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

View Book Page: Book Viewer
About This Book: Catalog Entry
View All Images: All Images From Book
Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image:
156 LAUREL MAGNOLIA. Magnolia virginiana, Linnaeus. FORM—Usually a small tree or shrub seldom exceeding a height of 26 ft. but In the south, partlculailv in Florida, may attain a height of 75 ft. with a diameter of 3 feet. Ip Pennsyl- vania rather small. Trunk usually short, often much swollen at the base. BARK—Oil old trunks thin, gray, smooth to scaly; on young stems light gray to white and smooth. TWIGS—Green, rouni, bitter, relatively slender, downy, later reddish-brown, roughened by broadly crescent-shaped leaf-scars. Pith has a tendency to become chambered. BUDS—Alternate, bright green. 2/6-8/6 of an inch long, circular in cross-section, pointed, decidedly hairy, covered by successive pairs of stipules. Each pair of stipular scales envelopes the leaf just above it. LEAVES-Alternate, simple, oval to broadly lanceolate. 8-6 Inches long, obtuse at apex, tapping at base, entire on margin, glaucous beneath. Fall off In autumn in the North but persist in the South. Persist until spring in Franklin county, Pennsylvania. LEAF-SCARS—Altermite, scattered along twig, narrow, oval to crescent-shaped, with its bundle-scars arranged in a broad U-shaped line. FLOWERS—Appear the latter part of May in this State. Complete, solitary, globular, white, calyx and corolla of same color, about 2 inches long, and very fragrant. FRUIT—Matures about October. Cone-like, fleshy to dry. scarlet, oval, about 2 inchea long, composed of coherent follicles. Seeds are red, shiny, druoe-like and suspended at maturity by a thin long cord. WOOD—Similar to that of the Cucumber Tree, page 167. except that its rays are higher and more crowded on the cross-section than those of the Cucumber Tree. Produces wood of com- mercial size only in the South. Weighs 31.38 lbs. per cubic foot. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS—The Laurel Magnolia, also known as Small Mag- nolia, or Sweet Bay, can be distinguished by its leaves which are scattered along the branches 8-6 Inches long. oval, obtuse, and glaucous beneath. The leaves of both the other native species are larger. The flowers are globular and white while those of the Cucumber Tree are slender-bell-shaped and greenish tinged with yellow, and those of the Unabrella Jree are only slightly scented. The leaf-buds are silky while those of the Umbrella Tree are smooh or slightly hairv. Its small size will also aid in distinguishing It. The "Distribution In rennsylvuuia" of the three native species will also aid in identifying them. RANGE-Eastern Massachusetts, south to Florida, extending west to Caledonia near Cham- bersburg, Pennsylvania, central North Carolina and through the Gulf States to Texas and southern Arkansas. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIA—Found only in the southeastern part of the State. Recorded from every county southeast of a lino drawn through Northampton, Lehigh Lebanon Cumberland and Franklin counties. Its western limit is at Caledonia near Chambersburg in Franklin county. HABITAT-Prefers swamps and wet places. Found along creeks or In bottomlands adjoining creeks, lakes, or ponds. Often a low shrub under moisture-seeking trees like R«f .***P^*'J^"7, Birch, Black Gum, White Oak, Hemlock, White Pine, and Tulip Tree. Its associates often are Rhododendron and Mountain Laurel. IMPORTANCE OF SPECIES—This species is of no commercial Importance In Pennsylvania because of its small size, limited distribution, slow growth, and inferior wood, "/s extremely attractive and may be classified among our most beautiful native shrubs. It is well adapted for ornamental planting, only it grows rather slowly.
Text Appearing After Image:
PLATE LXXVL LAUREL MAGNOLIA. 1. A flowering branch with mature and developing leaves, x I. 2. A fruiting branch with a portion of the leaves removed, x J. 3. A seed, natural size. t SecTion%f*l*^winte; twig showing a leaf-scar with bundle-scars, natural size.

Note About Images