File:Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11 (1901) (19881975943).jpg

Title: Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11
Identifier: bulletinpennsylv11pennx (find matches)
Year: 1901 (1900s)
Authors: Pennsylvania. Dept. of Forestry
Subjects: Forests and forestry
Publisher: Harrisburg, Pa. : The Department : WM. Stanley Ray, state printer of Pennsylvania
Contributing Library: Penn State University
Digitizing Sponsor: Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

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t #11 n .il; : ' - 186 ^ REDBUD Cercis canadensis, Linnaeus OENXrs DESCRIPTIONâThl« genna comprises 7 species of small trees and shrubs foand in parts of Asia, Europe, and North America. Three species are native to North America, 1 inhabiting California, 1 Mexico and Texas, and 1 eastern United States. The latter Is native to Pennsylvania and described here. They are prized mainly on account of their ornamental value due to their brigrht rose-colored, pea-like flowers which cover the branches with a profuse and brilliant flame of color in early spring before the leaves come out. FORKâA small tree usually about 16-20 ft. high with a diameter of 6 inches but may reach a height of 60 ft. with a diameter of 18 inches. Trunk short bearing rather upright branches which form a shallow and broad crown. BARKâ^Thln, shallowly fissured separating ridges which peel off Into numerous scales, reddish brown to very dark brown. See Fig. 77. oAviGSâSlender, smooth, light brown, becoming grayish-brown, covered with numerous very â mall lenticels, containing pith which sometimes has reddish longitudinal streaks. BUDSâAlternate; terminal one absent; small, i of an Inch long, blunt-pointed, dark pnrpllsh- red, spherical or somewhat flattened when appressed. Sometimes superposed with upper one usually the larger, or clustered at the base of a lateral branch, covered with 2-3 visible scales with hairy margin. LEAVESâAlternate, simple, rounded or heart-shaped, 3-5 Inches long, conspicuously 6-7 nerved, cordate at base, pointed ut apex, .entire on margin. LEAF-SOARSâAlternate, 2-rankfed, inversely triangular to heart-shaped, somewhat raised, con- taining 3 conspicuous bundle-scars. Short spreading ridges often originate at outer margin of the leaf-scars and extend down the stem for a short distance. FLOWERSâ^Appear in March or April before the leaves or sometimes when the leaves are just appearing. Resemble the sweet pea in form; perfect and brilliant red, borne usually In clusters of 4-8, often developing from buds located at the base of lateral branches as well as from buds located along the branches. FRXnT-A small, rose-colored to light brown, short-stalked pod, 2i-3 Inches long, about ) of an Inch wide, containing about 6 broadly ovate, flattened, light-brown seeds. Pods may persist until early winter and are often produced In enormous quantities. WOODâRing-porous; heavy, hard, not strong, rich dark reddish-twown with light sapwood. Weighs 40 lbs. per cubic foot. Not found on the market. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICSâThe Redbud, also known as the Wild Pea, and Judas Tree, can be distinguished by its simple alternate and heart-shaped leaves. Its slender unarmed and light brown twigs with reddish streaked pith, its small, thin, leathery fruit-pods, and Its perfect, pea-Uke, brilliant red blossoms which occur In clusters of 4-8, appearing In early spring before the leaves and devreloping from a cluster of buds located at the base of a lateral branch as well as from buds located along tlie twigs. This Is the only tree native to this State which develops a cluster of purplish flower buds on a iMranch just below the origin of a lateral twig. RANGEâSouthern Ontario through New York and New Jersey to Florida, westward to Minne- sota and Arkansas. DISTRIBUTION IN PENNSYLVANIAâNot known to occur in the northern or eastern parts of the State. Reported from the southeastern, southern, central, and western parts. Common In the Schuylkill and Perkionien Valleys and along parts of the Susquehanna River VaUey, especially northwest and southeast of Harrisburg. Common about Gettysburg, and south of Chambersburg In the Cumberland Valley. Occurs in a dense pure stand covering about one acre southwest of Gettysburg. HABITATâPrefers rich moist soils. Common In abandoned fields, cut-ovor and open wood- lands. Also found In the understory of the forest. Endures shade but prefers plenty of light. IMPORTANCE OF THE SPECIESâThe Redbud Is of no commercial Importance as a forest tree but where a tall shrub or a small tree is desired for ornamental planting hardly a more attractive one could be found. It has a pleasing form at all seasons of the year, an exceptionally beautiful and abundant bloom in spring before the leaves come out, and in addition, grows rapidly. It is cultivated extensively In Europe as an ornamental tree. MM
Text Appearing After Image:
PLATE XCVL REDBUD 1. .\ 2 A .â¢(. A 4. A ⢠>. A «. A floworipp liraiicli, x J. siimlc rtoMiT, X L siiijjlc stHiiH'ii, f'lilarjrod. single pistil, enlarged, pistil witii ovaiv sectioned fruiting l)ranch, x i. 7. An opened pod sliowing tlie seeds, «â A winter twig, x J. 9. Section of winter twig, enlarged. 10. rortion of a winter twig sliowin so as to show X i. tlie ovules, eriliirscd. g location and arrangement of iuids. enlarged.

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