File:Bulbous Bow. Shipping. (15647279696).jpg
![File:Bulbous Bow. Shipping. (15647279696).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Bulbous_Bow._Shipping._%2815647279696%29.jpg/800px-Bulbous_Bow._Shipping._%2815647279696%29.jpg?20210411080752)
Original file (2,400 × 1,755 pixels, file size: 1.7 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)
Captions
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionBulbous Bow. Shipping. (15647279696).jpg |
A bulbous bow is a protruding bulb at the bow (or front) of a ship just below the waterline. The bulb modifies the way the water flows around the hull, reducing drag and thus increasing speed, range, fuel efficiency, and stability. Large ships with bulbous bows generally have a twelve to fifteen percent better fuel efficiency than similar vessels without themA bulbous bow also increases the buoyancy of the forward part and hence reduces the pitching of the ship to a small degree. Bulbous bows have been found to be most effective when used on vessels that meet the following conditions: the waterline length is longer than about 15 metres (49 ft) the vessel will operate most of the time at or near its maximum speedThus, large vessels that cross large bodies of water near their best speed will benefit from a bulbous bow. This would include naval vessels, cargo ships, passenger ships, tankers and supertankers. All of these ships tend to be large and usually operate within a small range of speeds close to their top speed.[3] Bulbous bows are less beneficial in smaller craft and may actually be detrimental to their performance and economy. Thus, they are rarely used on recreational craft like powerboats, sailing vessels, tug boats, fishing trawlers and yachts. |
Date | |
Source | Bulbous Bow. Shipping. |
Author | Bernard Spragg. NZ from Christchurch, New Zealand |
Camera location | 41° 15′ 40.65″ S, 173° 16′ 08.04″ E ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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Licensing
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This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. |
The person who associated a work with this deed has dedicated the work to the public domain by waiving all of their rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law. You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the work, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.enCC0Creative Commons Zero, Public Domain Dedicationfalsefalse |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Bernard Spragg at https://flickr.com/photos/88123769@N02/15647279696. It was reviewed on 11 April 2021 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-zero. |
11 April 2021
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 08:07, 11 April 2021 | ![]() | 2,400 × 1,755 (1.7 MB) | Rudolphous (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
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Camera manufacturer | Minolta Co., Ltd. |
Camera model | DiMAGE 7 |
Exposure time | 1/750 sec (0.0013333333333333) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 18:59, 8 March 2005 |
Lens focal length | 31.2578125 mm |
Width | 2,400 px |
Height | 1,755 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 11.0 Windows |
File change date and time | 10:31, 15 December 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 18:59, 8 March 2005 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 9.550747 |
APEX aperture | 3.61471 |
APEX brightness | 7.7 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.5 APEX (f/3.36) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Custom image processing | Custom process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 123 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Distant view |
Date metadata was last modified | 23:31, 15 December 2017 |
Copyright status | Copyright status not set |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:095220DC7D63E411A0C9A1A6608DBBF9 |
IIM version | 2 |