File:Breathing Cleaner Fumes (15351135847).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionBreathing Cleaner Fumes (15351135847).jpg |
There’s more than one way to study the impact of biofuels. For NASA scientists, it means trailing an aircraft from as little as 300 feet behind while flying 34,000 feet in the air. Earlier this year, a NASA-led team conducted a series of carefully choreographed flights over California in order to sniff out how aircraft emissions differ when using petroleum fuels or biofuels. Early results from the Alternative Fuel Effects on Contrails and Cruise Emissions (ACCESS II) experiment confirm that blended biofuel is the cleaner-burning fuel. "Our findings show we definitely see a 50 percent reduction in soot emissions from the DC-8 when it burns the blended fuel as opposed to jet fuel alone," said Bruce Anderson, ACCESS principal investigator from NASA's Langley Research Center. The DC-8 is a NASA science workhorse: a flying laboratory equipped to collect—or, in this case, produce—data for basic Earth science research. During the ACESS experiment, scientists took advantage of the aircraft's segregated fuel tank. On the fly, the pilot switched the fuel type sent to each of the four engines. The engines burned either jet fuel, or a 50-50 blend of jet fuel and a renewable alternative produced from camelina plant oil. With each change of fuel, three other instrumented aircraft took turns lining up in the DC-8's wake and flying anywhere from 90 meters (300 feet) to more than 30 kilometers (20 miles) behind to catch a sniff. Richard Moore, a post-doctoral fellow at NASA Langley, took this photograph with a DSLR camera on May 7, 2014, during an ACCESS II test flight over Edwards Air Force Base in California. The photo was taken from Langley's HU-25C Guardian jet as it descended toward NASA's Armstrong Flight Research Center after a successful three-hour sampling flight behind the DC-8. The aircraft trailing the DC-8 in the photo was a Falcon 20-E5 jet owned by the German Aerospace Center. The flight on May 7 was just the first in a series of flights that lasted throughout the month. After the campaign, researchers continued to examine the data to determine whether a reduction in soot emissions translates to a reduction in contrail formation, and how that might affect climate. Read more: 1.usa.gov/1wBfaKq NASA image use policy. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center enables NASA’s mission through four scientific endeavors: Earth Science, Heliophysics, Solar System Exploration, and Astrophysics. Goddard plays a leading role in NASA’s accomplishments by contributing compelling scientific knowledge to advance the Agency’s mission. Follow us on Twitter Like us on Facebook Find us on Instagram |
Date | |
Source | Breathing Cleaner Fumes |
Author | NASA Goddard Space Flight Center from Greenbelt, MD, USA |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by NASA Goddard Photo and Video at https://flickr.com/photos/24662369@N07/15351135847. It was reviewed on 17 September 2016 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
17 September 2016
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This file is in the public domain in the United States because it was solely created by NASA. NASA copyright policy states that "NASA material is not protected by copyright unless noted". (See Template:PD-USGov, NASA copyright policy page or JPL Image Use Policy.) | ![]() |
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 20:26, 17 September 2016 | ![]() | 4,752 × 3,168 (5.9 MB) | Vanished Account Byeznhpyxeuztibuo (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon EOS REBEL T1i |
Author | Richard H. Moore |
Exposure time | 1/250 sec (0.004) |
F-number | f/7.1 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 17:40, 7 May 2014 |
Lens focal length | 130 mm |
Width | 4,752 px |
Height | 3,168 px |
Bits per component |
|
Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 16:14, 2 October 2014 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Landscape mode (for landscape photos with the background in focus) |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 17:40, 7 May 2014 |
Meaning of each component |
|
APEX shutter speed | 8 |
APEX aperture | 5.625 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.5 APEX (f/4.76) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 12 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 12 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 12 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 5,315.4362416107 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 5,342.3271500843 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
GPS tag version | 0.0.2.2 |
Serial number of camera | 370125387 |
Lens used | EF100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS USM |
Owner of camera | Richard H. Moore |
Date metadata was last modified | 12:14, 2 October 2014 |
Unique ID of original document | 10BBFF251A21E9A8AA081190ADC4B398 |