File:Boulton Paul Defiant NF I (50096600363).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionBoulton Paul Defiant NF I (50096600363).jpg |
The Boulton Paul Type A Mk.II turret, with 4x.303 Browning mg of a Boulton Paul Defiant NF I night fighter at the RAF Museum, Cosford, Shropshire, 8 July 2020. Designed as a day fighter, the whole concept of the specification the Defiant was intended to meet was seriously flawed whereby all the aircraft’s (rather puny) armament of four light machine guns was located in a rear turret with no forward facing guns at all. The Defiant’s pilot simply could not aim his aircraft at an enemy - the antithesis of what a fighter should do. All the Defiant could do was wait to be attacked. Nonetheless, early sorties proved encouraging as Bf109’s would launch a conventional attack on a Defiant formation from the tail, only to be met by a hail of (admittedly lightweight) bullets and several were shot down as a result – although subsequently it has been revealed that the Defiant’s kill claims were wildly over-optimistic: Defiants flew in a diamond five formation so when attacked by a Bf109, if it were shot down, each pilot would claim the kill as his own, convinced he had been the only pilot to shoot at it! Once Luftwaffe pilots realised the Defiant had no forward-firing armament they would attack it from ahead with the result that the Defiants were slaughtered. In particular, the aircraft was a death trap for the gunners as there was no realistic chance of them escaping from the rear turret if an aircraft was seriously hit. There is the tale of one Defiant gunner, when posted to Bomber Command as a tail gunner, was over-joyed because he now had a 40% chance of survival! The Defiants were quickly switched to night fighting duties, initially without radar but later equipped with it, and they achieved a modicum of success here. Production continued, many being completed as target tugs. A proposal for a single-seat fighter-bomber, which might have resulted in a useful combat aircraft, did not progress further as the Hurricane and Typhoon were proving highly capable in that role. |
Date | |
Source | Boulton Paul Defiant NF I |
Author | Hugh Llewelyn from Keynsham, UK |
Camera location | 52° 38′ 31.28″ N, 2° 18′ 33.08″ W ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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Licensing
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by hugh llewelyn at https://flickr.com/photos/58433307@N08/50096600363. It was reviewed on 11 July 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-sa-2.0. |
11 July 2020
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current | 23:39, 11 July 2020 | ![]() | 6,000 × 4,000 (7.37 MB) | Tm (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D5300 |
Exposure time | 1/100 sec (0.01) |
F-number | f/5 |
ISO speed rating | 800 |
Date and time of data generation | 12:45, 8 July 2020 |
Lens focal length | 60 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Ver.1.01 |
File change date and time | 12:45, 8 July 2020 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 12:45, 8 July 2020 |
Meaning of each component |
|
Image compression mode | 2 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.9 APEX (f/3.86) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash fired, strobe return light detected, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 70 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 70 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 70 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 90 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
GPS tag version | 0.0.3.2 |
Rating (out of 5) | 0 |