File:Black smoker rocks (sulfidic wad) (Helen Iron-Formation, Neoarchean, 2696-2749 Ma; Sir James Pit, Eleanor Iron Range, Ontario, Canada) 26 (48069926873).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionBlack smoker rocks (sulfidic wad) (Helen Iron-Formation, Neoarchean, 2696-2749 Ma; Sir James Pit, Eleanor Iron Range, Ontario, Canada) 26 (48069926873).jpg |
Black smoker rocks in the Archean of Ontario, Canada. This is the Sir James Mine, also known as the Sir James Pit. It is an inactive iron mine near Wawa, Ontario, Canada. The black rocks seen here are from an ancient black smoker structure. Black smokers are seafloor hydrothermal vents at mid-ocean ridges. Hot water rich in dissolved minerals is spewed from the seafloor. They appear as if black smoke is emerging from the seabed, but it's not smoke. The surrounding cold water causes dissolved minerals in the hydrothermal fluids to precipitate. This process builds chimney-like structures. (See: <a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_4vn24YA-Rc4/SR18Ctg32DI/AAAAAAAAAV4/SyK9OBjMLqI/s400/A+black+smoker.jpg" rel="noreferrer nofollow">1.bp.blogspot.com/_4vn24YA-Rc4/SR18Ctg32DI/AAAAAAAAAV4/Sy...</a>) Samples of black smoker rocks are scattered about at the mine site. They are black-colored, moderately friable, and partly coated with whitish powder (probably melanterite - hydrous iron sulfate). The rocks are appear to be pyritic wad (= manganese oxide rock). The brownish rocks at the site consist principally of iron-formation, which includes siderite-rich and hematite-rich varieties. Stratigraphy: Helen Iron-Formation, Michipicoten Group, Neoarchean, 2.696 to 2.749 Ga Locality: Sir James Pit (Sir James Mine) - abandoned iron mine between Lena Lake (to the north) and the eastern end of Wawa Lake (to the south), north of Route 101, northeast of the town of Wawa, Eleanor Iron Range portion of the Michipicoten Iron Range, Michipicoten Greenstone Belt, Ontario, southeastern Canada (48° 02.376’ North latitude, 84° 40.876’ West longitude) |
Date | |
Source | Black smoker rocks (sulfidic wad) (Helen Iron-Formation, Neoarchean, 2696-2749 Ma; Sir James Pit, Eleanor Iron Range, Ontario, Canada) 26 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/48069926873 (archive). It was reviewed on 5 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
5 December 2019
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current | 06:16, 5 December 2019 | 4,000 × 3,000 (7.21 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Date and time of data generation | 11:05, 13 July 2012 |
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Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 16.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 09:51, 8 June 2019 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:05, 13 July 2012 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 7.3125 |
APEX aperture | 6.34375 |
APEX exposure bias | −0.66666666666667 |
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File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
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White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Portrait |
Lens used | 6.2-18.6 mm |
Date metadata was last modified | 03:51, 8 June 2019 |
Unique ID of original document | 6E377E55C95FA5949B8DF2D25C2FAE40 |