File:Black concretionary phosphorite (Morris Member, Phosphoria Formation, mid-Permian; Waterloo Mine, Bear Lake County, Idaho, USA) (34327234316).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionBlack concretionary phosphorite (Morris Member, Phosphoria Formation, mid-Permian; Waterloo Mine, Bear Lake County, Idaho, USA) (34327234316).jpg |
Black concretionary phosphorite from the Permian of Idaho, USA. (IMNH 30896, Idaho Museum of Natural History, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, USA) This scarce rock is from an Idaho phosphate mine - it's from the most famous phosphorite unit in America, the Phosphoria Formation. This unit is mined extensively in the Southeast Idaho Phosphate District. Phosphate and elemental phosphorus derived from processing of phosphorite rocks are used to make agricultural fertilizers and industrial chemicals. Phosphorites are calcium phosphate-rich sedimentary rocks, generally considered to have >15-20% phosphate content. Texturally, phosphorites can be obviously granular, with fossil fragments or oolites or peloids or lithic fragments, or they can be composed of extremely fine-grained, phosphate-rich mud. Compositionally, the phosphate component in phosphorites is principally a mix of apatite minerals: chlorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3Cl), fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F), hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH)), and carbonate fluorapatite (Ca10(PO4,CO3)6F2-3). Phosphorites are generally marine sedimentary rocks. They range in age from Precambrian to Holocene. In modern oceans, they tend to occur along the eastern margins of some ocean basins where deep-water upwelling occurs under areas of high biologic productivity. This photo shows the cross-section through part of a black concretionary phosphorite that contains a nice Helicoprion fossil shark tooth whorl. Stratigraphy: Phosphoria Formation, Roadian Stage to Wordian Stage, lower Guadalupian Series, mid-Permian Locality: Waterloo Mine, Southeast Idaho Phosphate Mining District, near the town of Montpelier, southeastern Idaho, USA |
Date | |
Source | Black concretionary phosphorite (Morris Member, Phosphoria Formation, mid-Permian; Waterloo Mine, Bear Lake County, Idaho, USA) |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/34327234316 (archive). It was reviewed on 6 December 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
6 December 2019
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current | 01:33, 6 December 2019 | 3,008 × 1,922 (4.53 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Date and time of data generation | 14:09, 12 July 2011 |
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Bits per component |
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Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 13.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 16:54, 30 April 2017 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 14:09, 12 July 2011 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 5.906891 |
APEX aperture | 4.970854 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 5 APEX (f/5.66) |
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DateTime subseconds | 70 |
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DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 70 |
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Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 300 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 200638ad |
Lens used | 18.0-200.0 mm f/3.5-5.6 |
Date metadata was last modified | 12:54, 30 April 2017 |
Unique ID of original document | AE3044DC8001D2D3FB62FC8A7BB47B7E |
IIM version | 29,807 |