File:Biological soil crust (19908964104).jpg
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![File:Biological soil crust (19908964104).jpg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Biological_soil_crust_%2819908964104%29.jpg/798px-Biological_soil_crust_%2819908964104%29.jpg?20230810120739)
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[edit]DescriptionBiological soil crust (19908964104).jpg | Slightly lifted from the soil, here you can see the broken edge of a biological soil crust. The sandy soil surface is glued together by microorganisms which prevent erosion and benefit the soil in many ways. Soil crusts are especially important in arid areas because there is less plant cover and more "bare" soil in-between. Physical processes also contribute to crusting of the soil and that is evident here too (smaller clay particles at the top, from nearby claypan). This particular crust was found in Diamantina National Park, Australia, which receives around 200 mm rain per year. The strands hanging down are probably of microbial origin, either cyanobacteria or fungi, and they reveal part of the internal crust structure which is tightly bound together with microbial filaments and sticky polysaccharide exudate. Most biological soil crusts are photosynthetic like plants, and sometimes they will turn green after wetting. |
Date | |
Source | Biological soil crust |
Author | David Elliott from UK |
Camera location | 23° 47′ 00.86″ S, 141° 00′ 42.45″ E ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by drelliott0net at https://flickr.com/photos/127994275@N08/19908964104. It was reviewed on 10 August 2023 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
10 August 2023
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 12:07, 10 August 2023 | ![]() | 3,112 × 2,337 (1.41 MB) | Fabe56 (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Image title |
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Camera manufacturer | Panasonic |
Camera model | DMC-GX1 |
Author | David Elliott |
Copyright holder |
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Exposure time | 1/500 sec (0.002) |
F-number | f/5 |
ISO speed rating | 160 |
Date and time of data generation | 04:34, 19 July 2015 |
Lens focal length | 60 mm |
Latitude | 23° 47′ 0.86″ S |
Longitude | 141° 0′ 42.45″ E |
Altitude | 98.1 meters above sea level |
Short title |
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City shown | Diamantina Lakes |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 6.1 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 07:18, 13 August 2015 |
Exposure Program | Aperture priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 04:34, 19 July 2015 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.965784 |
APEX aperture | 4.643856 |
APEX exposure bias | 1.33 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.97265625 APEX (f/2.8) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Focal plane X resolution | 2,654.3352661133 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 2,654.3352661133 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 3 |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 120 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | Low gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
GPS tag version | 0.0.2.2 |
Lens used | OLYMPUS M.60mm F2.8 Macro |
Rating (out of 5) | 3 |
Date metadata was last modified | 08:18, 13 August 2015 |
Unique ID of original document | 087B4B7FFCC98B760B97D12A484D6104 |
Keywords |
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Contact information |
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Province or state shown | Queensland |
Country shown | Australia |
Code for country shown | AU |
IIM version | 4 |