File:Auxin transport in plants.png
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Photoreceptor control of auxin distribution patterns
Summary
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English: Photoreceptor control of auxin distribution patterns. Phenotypic changes of seedlings and adult plant after photoreceptor (de)activation are shown relative to plants grown under control conditions. Inserts depict a cellular representation of auxin localisation in either hypocotyl or petiole. 1 Hypocotyl elongation of seedlings after photoreceptor phytochrome B inactivation by elevated temperature and FR (Far red)-enriched light. De novo synthesized auxin is transported from the cotyledons towards the hypocotyl, where an even distribution of PIN3 proteins between the different sides of the hypocotyl endodermis facilitates both downward and lateral auxin transport, allowing auxin accumulation throughout the hypocotyl. This is different from the control white light situation where PIN3 localisation mostly facilitates rootward auxin transport. 2 Unilateral blue light (here from the right) results in phototropin-dependent phototropic bending towards the light source. This occurs through asymmetric localisation of PIN3 proteins in the endodermis, favoring auxin transport towards the non-illuminated side. The resulting auxin gradient promotes differential cell elongation that results in bending towards the light. 3 Adult plant exposure to supplemental FR or elevated temperature results in upward leaf movement. PIN3 localisation towards the abaxial sides of the abaxial endodermal layer was observed at elevated temperatures, and this would lead to auxin accumulation on the abaxial side of the petiole. In both elevated temperature and FR-enriched light, auxin and polar auxin transport are required for the hyponastic leaf movement. This figure was taken from the journal Plants.
Nederlands: Fotoreceptorcontrole van auxinedistributiepatronen. Fenotypische veranderingen van zaailingen en volwassen planten na (de)activering van de fotoreceptor worden getoond ten opzichte van planten die onder controleomstandigheden zijn gekweekt. Inserts tonen een cellulaire weergave van auxine-lokalisatie in hypocotyl of bladsteel. 1 Hypocotyl-verlenging van zaailingen na inactivering van fotoreceptor-fytochroom B door verhoogde temperatuur en FR-verrijkt licht. De novo gesynthetiseerde auxine wordt getransporteerd van de zaadlobben naar de hypocotyl, waar een gelijkmatige verdeling van PIN3-eiwitten tussen de verschillende zijden van de hypocotyl endodermis zowel neerwaarts als lateraal auxinetransport vergemakkelijkt, waardoor auxine-accumulatie door de hypocotyl vergemakkelijkt wordt. Dit is anders dan de situatie met wit licht, waar PIN3-lokalisatie meestal auxinetransport naar de wortels vergemakkelijkt. 2 Eenzijdig blauw licht (hier van rechts) resulteert in een fototropine-afhankelijke fototropische buiging naar de lichtbron. Dit gebeurt door asymmetrische lokalisatie van PIN3-eiwitten in de endodermis, wat het transport van auxine naar de niet-verlichte kant bevordert. Het resulterende auxinegradiënt bevordert differentiële celverlenging die resulteert in buiging naar het licht. 3 Blootstelling van volwassen planten aan aanvullende FR of verhoogde temperatuur resulteert in opwaartse beweging van het blad. PIN3-lokalisatie naar de abaxiale (van de as afgekeerde) zijden van de abaxiale endodermale laag werd waargenomen bij verhoogde temperaturen, en dit zou leiden tot auxine-accumulatie aan de abaxiale zijde van de bladsteel. Bij zowel verhoogde temperatuur als FR-verrijkt licht zijn auxine- en polair auxinetransport vereist voor de hyponastische (opwaartse) bladbeweging. Deze figuur werd overgenomen uit het wetenschappelijk tijdschrift Plants.
Italiano: Controllo dei fotorecettori dei pattern di distribuzione delle auxine. I cambiamenti fenotipici delle piantine e delle piante adulte dopo la (dis)attivazione dei fotorecettori sono mostrati rispetto alle piante coltivate in condizioni di controllo. Gli inserti raffigurano una rappresentazione cellulare della localizzazione dell'auxina nell'ipocotile o nel picciolo. 1 elongazione dell’ipocotile nelle piantine dopo l'inattivazione dei fotorecettori mediante temperatura elevata e luce arricchita con Farred (FR). L'auxina sintetizzata de novo viene trasportata dai cotiledoni verso l'ipocotile, dove una distribuzione uniforme delle proteine PIN3 tra i diversi lati dell'endoderma dell'ipocotile facilita il trasporto dell'auxina sia verso il basso che lateralmente, consentendo l'accumulo di auxina in tutto l'ipocotilo. Questo è diverso dalla situazione di controllo della luce bianca in cui la localizzazione PIN3 facilita principalmente il trasporto dell'auxina verso le radici. 2 La luce blu unilaterale (qui da destra) determina una flessione di fototropismo dipendente dalla fototropina verso la sorgente di luce. Ciò avviene attraverso la localizzazione asimmetrica delle proteine PIN3 nell'endoderma, favorendo il trasporto dell'auxina verso il lato non illuminato. Il gradiente di auxina risultante promuove l'allungamento cellulare differenziale che si traduce in una flessione verso la luce. 3 L'esposizione di piante adulte a FR supplementare o a temperature elevate provoca il movimento delle foglie verso l'alto. La localizzazione di PIN3 verso i lati abassiali dello strato endodermico abassiale è stata osservata a temperature elevate, e questo porterebbe all'accumulo di auxina sul lato abassiale del picciolo. Sia a temperature elevate che a luce arricchita con FR, sono necessari il trasporto di auxina e auxina polare per il movimento fogliare iponastico (verso l’alto). Questa figura è stata presa dalla rivista scientifica Plants |
| Date | |
| Source | Küpers, J.J.; Oskam, L.; Pierik, R. Photoreceptors Regulate Plant Developmental Plasticity through Auxin. Plants 2020, 9, 940. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9080940 |
| Author | Jesse J. Küpers, Lisa Oskam, Ronald Pierik |
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Küpers, J.J.; Oskam, L.; Pierik, R. Photoreceptors Regulate Plant Developmental Plasticity through Auxin. Plants 2020, 9, 940. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9080940, was reviewed on 22 July 2022 by reviewer Natuur12, who confirmed that it was available there under the stated license on that date.
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