File:Atlas and epitome of traumatic fractures and dislocations (1902) (14778144094).jpg

Identifier: atlasepitomeoftr00helf (find matches)
Title: Atlas and epitome of traumatic fractures and dislocations
Year: 1902 (1900s)
Authors: Helferich, Heinrich, 1851- Bloodgood, Joseph Colt, 1867-1935, ed
Subjects: Fractures Dislocations Fractures, Bone Dislocations
Publisher: Philadelphia London : W.B. Saunders & Company
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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piphyseal separations, in youthful individuals. (c) Oblique fractures and T-fractures of the condyles. (d) Partial (split) fractures at the articular extremity.The number of fractures occurring at the lower end of the femur is much smaller than that of fractures observedin the shaft itself (a) Supracondylar Fracture of the Femur (Fradurasupracondylica).—Most of them are transverse fractures,although very acute oblique fractures, and even longitud-inal fractures, due to twisting of the lower portion of theshaft of the femur, have been observed (Plate 56, Fig. 3). Supracondylar transverse fractures present typical phe-nomena, both as regards the position of the fragments andtheir displacement; the lower fragment, being acted uponby the powerful muscles of the calf, is flexed, and the twofragments override (Plate 58). The pull exerted by themuscles of the thigh produces shortening the degree ofwhich is proportional to the amount of displacement andflexion of the lower fragment. TabJfl.
Text Appearing After Image:
lig-l. LUh. An.s/ F. H etch ho id, Mimchen. FRACTURES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY. 285 Examination.—Inspection discovers shortening of thethighj swelling, and pain on movement at the seat of frac-ture. By palpation abnormal mobility at the lower endof the femur, at a point just above the condyles, is elicited,especially when the parts are moved in a lateral direc-tion. Crepitus is present if the fractured surfaces are incontact. The ends of the fragments can often be directly felt, thelower one high up in the popliteal space, the upper onein front. The knee-joint may also be injured at the sametime. Anesthesia is desirable, both in making the exam-ination and in effecting reduction. Treatment.—The best treatment consists in permanentextension with weights. Moderate pressure by means ofa roller bandage, or a loop connected with a second exten-sion apparatus pulling directly upward, may be appliedagainst the lower fragment at the seat of fracture so as tokeep it in a position of extensio

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